The circuit is no longer closed.
Which of these is an example of convection?
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A. an egg boiling in water
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B. an egg frying in a pan
C. an egg exposed to a flame
D. an egg warming under a light
Depending on which type of motor you're talking about, but the first 3 are true. A stronger magnetic field in a DC motor will slow it down but increase its torque.
The amount of current in the motor will control the magnetic fields and therefore affect the speed (and torque). In an induction motor, the rotational speed is given by

where f is the line frequency and p is the number of poles. Thus fewer poles makes it go faster.
Light year is a unit of measure of time that makes use of the speed of light and distance between objects to determine the number of years it will take for the light to travel. We can determine what element the object is made up of by the wavelength of the color.