The main determining factor in defining boundaries between layers of earth's atmosphere would be temperature changes in these layers. Temperature is one essential property that varies in the atmosphere. Based from this variation, the atmosphere is divided into four major layers and further to three smaller layers - troposphere, tropopause, the stratosphere, stratopause, the mesosphere, mesopause, and the thermosphere.The troposphere is the layer that is nearest to the surface of the Earth. It is the part where humans, plants and animals survive. Also, it is the warmest layer of the atmosphere. And as we go higher the atmosphere, the temperature would drop making it much cooler.
We have that the spring constant is mathematically given as

Generally, the equation for angular velocity is mathematically given by

Where
k=spring constant
And

Therefore

Hence giving spring constant k

Generally
Mass of earth 
Period for on complete resolution of Earth around the Sun


Therefore


In conclusion
The effective spring constant of this simple harmonic motion is

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Answer:
Q = 282,000 J
Explanation:
Given that,
The mass of liquid water, m = 125 g
Temperature, T = 100°C
The latent heat of vaporization, Hv = 2258 J/g.
We need to find the amount of heat needed to vaporize 125 g of liquid water. We can find it as follows :

or
Q = 282,000 J
So, the required heat is 282,000 J
.
Answer:
273m/s
Explanation: <u>Root</u> <u>Mean</u> <u>Square</u> <u>Speed</u> of an atom or molecule is the speed of a particle in a gas. It is the average speed a particle in a gas can have.
It can be calculated:



m is mass of one atom or molecule in kg.
An atom of Arsenic sublimes at 614°C. Converting to Kelvin:
T = 614 + 273 = 887K
Molecular mass of As4 is approximately 0.3kg.
kg
Calculating Root mean square speed :


v = 273m/s
<u>The root mean square speed of As4 is approximately </u><u>273m/s</u><u>.</u>