If a chemist performed an experiment in Spain

A student was asked to determine the concentration of ammonia, a volatile substance used in the clinical setting as a respiretor

UNO [17]

This question is describing two chemical equations whereby the concentration of ammonia has to be determined. The first reaction is between 25.00 mL of ammonia and 50.00 mL of 0.100-M HCl whose excess was neutralized with 21.50 mL of 0.050-M Na₂CO₃ and thus, the concentration ammonia in the cloudy solution was determined as 0.114 M.

First of all we need to go over the titration of the excess HCl with Na₂CO₃ by writing the chemical equation it takes place when they react:

$2HCl+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow 2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O$

Whereas the mole ratio of HCl to Na₂CO₃ is 2:1 and the volume of the HCl leftover is determined as follows:

$V_{HCl}^{leftover}=\frac{2*0.050M*21.50mL}{0.100M} =21.5mL$

Next, we infer that the consumed volume of HCl by the ammonia solution was:

$V_{HCl}^{consumed}=50.00mL-21.50mL=28.5 mL$

Then, we write the chemical equation that takes place between ammonia and HCl:

$HCl+NH_3\rightarrow NH_4Cl$

Whereas the mole ratio is now 1:1, which means that the concentration of ammonia was:

$M_{NH_3}=\frac{28.5mL*0.100M}{25.00mL}\\\\ M_{NH_3}=0.114M$

Learn more:

(Titration) brainly.com/question/15687419
(Titration) brainly.com/question/25328286

8 0

2 years ago

Revise and repeat: Is more water always better? Create your own experiments to find the ideal amount of water for each kind of p

sergij07 [2.7K]

More water is not always better. For example; cacti only need water about every two weeks, the same with succulent plants. Not every plant needs to be watered every day, or the plant may be overwatered and die.

7 0

3 years ago

Write down the group numbers for carbon,oxygen,nitrogen and sulphur

Bess [88]

Answer:

Carbon - 14

Oxygen - 16

Nitrogen - 15

Sulphur - 16

Explanation:

The question above is related to the "Periodic Table of Elements" which shows the proper arrangement of elements in a table. Every element falls on a group/family within the table. Each group has its own number, and the table has a total of 18 groups (from left to right). They are classified according to similarities in their characteristics. For example, group 1 is composed of alkali metals while group 2 is composed of alkali earth metals.

5 0

3 years ago

g To recover the copper from solution a small amount of zinc is placed into solution, producing copper metal and zinc ions in so

a_sh-v [17]

Answer:

Hi Im an online tutor and i can assist you with all your assignments. We have experts in all fields. check out our website https://toplivewriters.com/

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

The flavor and odor of fruits comes primarily from the esters they contain. For example, a major component in the flavor of oran

Lilit [14]

Answer:

Explanation:

Concepts and reason

This problem is based on the concept of hydrolysis of esters.

An ester is hydrolyzed to a carboxylic acid and an alcohol when treated with aqueous acid or aqueous base. Under alkaline conditions, the carboxylic acid is obtained in the form as its salt.

Fundamentals

Alkaline hydrolysis of ester is done with strong base {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHand {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212acts as nucleophilic reagent. This reaction is reversible, since carboxylate anion has tendency to react with an alcohol and gives back ester.

Step-by-step

Step 1 of 2

Attack of [{ m{O}}{{ m{H}}^ - }]on carbonyl take place as follows resulting formation of tetrahedral intermediate:

\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043d

Explanation | Hint for next step

The {\\rm{O}}{{\\rm{H}}^ - }OH\u2212nucleophile attacks on the electrophilic carbon of an ester {\\rm{C}} = {\\rm{O}}C=O and forms tetrahedral intermediate after breaking the \\pi\u03c0-bond.

Step 2 of 2

Hydrolysis of product formed from step 1 followed by reaction with {\\rm{NaOH}}NaOHis as follows:

The products of the reaction are:

Explanation | Common mistakes

On the reaction of octyl acetate with aqueous sodium hydroxide, the products octyl alcohol and acetate ion are formed after omitting the {\\rm{N}}{{\\rm{a}}^ + }Na+ions.

7 0

3 years ago