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Vladimir79 [104]
3 years ago
13

A student is performing an experiment to study thermodynamics. The student mixes citric acid and sodium bicarbonate in a calorim

eter to determine the energy released in the chemical reaction. In one paragraph, identify the system, the surroundings, and the reasons for using calorimetry in this type of experiment.
Chemistry
1 answer:
seraphim [82]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation :

In thermodynamics, a system is region or part of space which is being studied and observed while the surrounding is the region or space around the system which interacts with the system.

Here in the experiment ,system which is observed is reaction or changes when citric acid and sodium bicarbonate are mixed together. And the mixing is carried out in the calorimeter which serves as a surrounding around the system.

The reason behind the using the calorimeter is measure the energy change occurring during the reaction.

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Consider the reaction below for which K = 78.2 atm-1. A(g) + B(g) ↔ C(g) Assume that 0.386 mol C(g) is placed in the cylinder re
borishaifa [10]

Answer:

1.65 L

Explanation:

The equation for the reaction is given as:

                        A            +            B           ⇄        C

where;

numbers of moles = 0.386 mol C  (g)

Volume =  7.29 L

Molar concentration of C = \frac{0.386}{7.29}

= 0.053 M

                        A            +            B           ⇄        C

Initial               0                           0                      0.530    

Change          +x                          +x                       - x

Equilibrium      x                           x                      (0.0530 - x)

K = \frac{[C]}{[A][B]}

where

K is given as ; 78.2 atm-1.

So, we have:

78.2=\frac{[0.0530-x]}{[x][x]}

78.2= \frac{(0.0530-x)}{(x^2)}

78.2x^2= 0.0530-x

78.2x^2+x-0.0530=0  

Using quadratic formula;

\frac{-b+/-\sqrt{b^2-4ac} }{2a}

where; a = 78.2 ; b = 1 ; c= - 0.0530

= \frac{-b+\sqrt{b^2-4ac} }{2a}   or \frac{-b-\sqrt{b^2-4ac} }{2a}

= \frac{-(1)+\sqrt{(1)^2-4(78.2)(-0.0530)} }{2(78.2)}  or \frac{-(1)-\sqrt{(1)^2-4(78.2)(-0.0530)} }{2(78.2)}

= 0.0204  or -0.0332

Going by the positive value; we have:

x = 0.0204

[A] = 0.0204

[B] = 0.0204

[C] = 0.0530 - x

     = 0.0530 - 0.0204

     = 0.0326

Total number of moles at equilibrium = 0.0204 +  0.0204 + 0.0326

= 0.0734

Finally, we can calculate the volume of the cylinder at equilibrium using the ideal gas; PV =nRT

if we make V the subject of the formula; we have:

V = \frac{nRT}{P}

where;

P (pressure) = 1 atm

n (number of moles) = 0.0734 mole

R (rate constant) = 0.0821 L-atm/mol-K

T = 273.15 K  (fixed constant temperature )

V (volume) = ???

V=\frac{(0.0734*0.0821*273.15)}{(1.00)}

V = 1.64604

V ≅ 1.65 L

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Answer:

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Elements consist of tiny particles called
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Answer:

Explanation:

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= - (250 -237 )/100 = - 13 / 100 torr/s

= - 0.13 torr/s

next

- (237 - 224 )/100 = - 13 / 100 torr/s

= - .13 torr/s

next

- (224 - 211 )/100 = - 13 / 100 torr/s

= - .13 torr/s

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So rate of reaction is constant and it does not depend upon concentration or pressure of reactant .

So order of reaction is zero.

rate of reaction =K  [C₂H₅OH]⁰

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K = .13 torr/s

In 900 s decrease in pressure

= 900 x .13 = 117

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Equation  is  as follows

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CH3 CH(CH3)CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH(CH3) CH3

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6 0
3 years ago
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