<span>
some elements have their outer electrons more tightly bound than
others. Those who have less tightly bound electrons are more reactive.
After this it gets more complex in explaining why they are bound with
different strengths. </span>
Reactivity is an impetus For which a chemical substance undergoes A chemical either by itself or with another materialWith an overall release of energy
Answer: -
The first step involves protonation of the carbonyl oxygen.
After protonation, the Alcohol oxygen now attacks the carbon of the carbonyl.
Thus a six membered ring is formed with 5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. The 1st position carbon atom has 2 OH groups.
One of these gets again protonated.
This leaves as water. With the loss of the H+, there results a carbonyl at 1 position.
Thus 5-hydroxypentanoic acid forms a lactone or 2-oxanone in presence of acid.
<span>the bonds in iron(III) oxide are more ionic</span>
