Answer:
Your questions requires diagrams of the cell to get which one is on the left or right. However, see the attached file below
The correct answer is (d) the left half-cell will decrease in concentration; and the right half-cell will increase in concentration.
Explanation:
The concentration of the Pb2+ increases in the oxidation half cell while the concentration of the Pb2+ decreases in the reduction half cell during the reaction.
In the Left Beaker (Left half cell), their is less concentration
Pb(s) ---> Pb2+(aq) + 2 e- Concentration of Pb2+(aq) increase ; Electrons going out from this side
In the Right Beaker (right half cell), their is more concentration
Pb2+(aq) + 2 e- ---> Pb(s) Concentration of Pb2+(aq) decrease ; Electrons coming in to this side
Electrons will flow from Left to Right direction.
None, it’s solar radiation
Ionic bond is formed due to the transfer of electrons from one atom to another so that all atoms involved in the bond would become stable (with 8 electrons in the outermost level)
Now, for bromine, it has 35 electrons. This means that bromine has 7 valence electrons in the outermost level. Therefore, bromine needs to gain one electron in order to become stable.
Bromine can react with elements from:
group 1: each element in group 1 needs to lose one electron to become stable. Therefore, one bromine atom can form an ionic bond when combined with an atom of an element from group 1 (element in group 1 loses its electron for bromine atom).
group 2: each element in group 2 needs to lose two electrons to become stable. Therefore, two bromine atoms can form ionic bonds when combined with an atom of an element from group 2 (element in group 2 loses two electrons, one for each bromine atom).
group 3: each element in group 3 needs to lose three electrons to become stable. Therefore, three bromine atoms can form ionic bonds when combined with an atom of an element from group 1 (element in group 3 loses three electrons, one for each bromine atom).
Since no choices are given , I cannot tell the exact choice. But the correct one would be the element from either group 1 , 2 or 3.
Magnesium and fluorine reacts in 1:2 ratio because:
- Magnesium (Mg) has 2 valance electrons.
- Fluorine (F) is a halogen and thus, requires only one electron.
- 1 atom of magnesium reacts with 2 atoms of fluorine to form a ionic compound with ionic bond.
Calcium belongs to the same group as Magnesium, and also has 2 valance electrons. Thus, it can also react with Fluorine in the same manner.
Hence, the answer is Calcium.
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