Ozone which is present in the stratospheric region of atmosphere is helpful for preventing harmful UV rays from reaching the surface of earth. Due to human activity, several compounds (specifically chlorofluorocarbons) are released in atmosphere. Due to inherent chemical stability of these compounds, the remain stable in lower region of atmosphere and slowly diffuse into stratosphere. On reaching the stratosphere, these compounds reacts with ozone and thereby depletes the effective concentration of ozone present in atmosphere. Hence, <span>the Montreal Protocol was signed in 1987 by major countries of the world. This aim of this protocol was to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.</span>
The half cell in which the electrode gains electrons is where reduction occurs, and the half cell in which the electrode loses electrons is where oxidation occurs.
<h3><u>What is a Galvanic cell ?</u></h3>
Voltaic or galvanic cells are electrochemical devices that use spontaneous oxidation-reduction events to generate electricity. In order to balance the overall equation and highlight the actual chemical changes, it is frequently advantageous to divide the oxidation-reduction reactions into half-reactions while constructing the equations.
Two half-cells make up most electrochemical cells. The half-cells allow electricity to pass via an external wire by separating the oxidation half-reaction from the reduction half-reaction.
<h3><u>
Oxidation:</u></h3>
The anode is located in one half-cell, which is often shown on the left side of a figure. On the anode, oxidation takes place. In the opposite half-cell, the anode and cathode are linked.
<h3><u>Reduction:</u></h3>
The second half-cell, cathode, which is frequently displayed on a figure's right side. The cathode is where reduction happens. The circuit is completed and current can flow by adding a salt bridge.
To know more about processes in Galvanic cell, refer to:
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Answer:
A phosphorus atom forms a P3- ion by gaining three electrons.
here
Answer:
You would need 8 eight packs of water
Explanation:
32 x 2 (seeing as this is the amount of water each person consumes)
= 64 divided by 8 (the amount of water in each pack)
= 8 eight packs of water
The balanced equation :
8Al + 3Fe₃O₄→ 4Al₂O₃ + 9Fe
You just have to look for which element is in bold because the question is not clear
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Equalization of chemical reaction equations can be done using variables. Steps in equalizing the reaction equation:
1. gives a coefficient on substances involved in the equation of reaction such as a, b, or c etc.
2. make an equation based on the similarity of the number of atoms where the number of atoms = coefficient × index between reactant and product
3. Select the coefficient of the substance with the most complex chemical formula equal to 1
Reaction
Al + Fe₃O₄→ Al₂O₃ + Fe
give a coefficient
aAl + Fe₃O₄→ bAl₂O₃ + cFe
O, left=4, right=3b⇒3b=4⇒b=4/3
Al, left=a, right=2b⇒a=2b⇒a=2.4/3⇒a=8/3
Fe, left=3, right=c⇒c=3
The equation becomes :
8/3Al + Fe₃O₄→ 4/3Al₂O₃ + 3Fe x3
8Al + 3Fe₃O₄→ 4Al₂O₃ + 9Fe
