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3 years ago

The shape of a molecule is tetrahedral. How many lone pairs are most likely on the central atom?

Chemistry

2 answers:

kvv77 [185]3 years ago

8 0

The number of lone pairs that are most likely found on the central atom is zero. There are no lone pairs found on the central atom.

Andre45 [30]3 years ago

4 0

Answer: Zero lone pairs on the central atom.

Explanation:

Lone pairs and bond pairs together decides the geometry of the molecule.
Bond pairs together decides the shape of the molecule.

The molecule is with with tetrahedral shape which means that molecule has a tetrahedral geometry.

The value of number of electrons around the central atom with tetrahedral geometry according to VESPR theory is '4'. Which means that electrons around the central atom are 4.

Since, the molecule is in tetrahedral shape which means four bonds are pointing in direction towards the four vertices of tetrahedral which means their are zero lone pair present on the central atom.

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An "empty" container is not really empty if it contains air. How may moles of nitrogen are in an "empty" two-liter cola bottle a

Lisa [10]

Answer:

1. 0.0637 moles of nitrogen.

2. The partial pressure of oxygen is 0.21 atm.

Explanation:

1. If we assume ideal behaviour, we can use the Law of ideal gases to find the moles of nitrogen, considering that air composition is mainly nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%) and argon (1%):

$V_{N_2}=V_{T}\times 0.78=2L \times 0.78 =1.56 L\\PV=nRT\\n_{N_2}=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{1 atm\times 1.56 L}{0.0821\frac{atmL}{molK}\times 298 K}\\n_{N_2}= 0.0637 mol$

2. Now, in order to find he partial pressure of oxygen we need to find the total moles of air, and then the moles of oxygen. Then, we use these results to determine the molar fraction of oxygen, to multiply it with total pressure and get the partial pressure of oxygen as follows:

$n_{total}=\frac{1 atm \times 2L}{0.0821 \frac{atmL}{molK}298K}=0.0817 mol$

$V_{O_2}=2L \times 0.21 = 0.42 L\\n_{O_2}=\frac {1atm \times 0.42 L}{0.0821 \frac{atm L}{mol K}298 K}=0.0172 mol\\X_{O_2}=\frac{n_{O_2}}{n_{total}}=\frac{0.0172 mol}{0.0817 mol}= 0.21$

$P_{O_2}=X_{O_2} \times P = 1 atm \times 0.21 = 0.21 atm$

As you see, the molar fraction and volume fraction are the same because of the assumption of ideal behaviour.

3 0

2 years ago

What is the main difference between an isotope and an ion

eimsori [14]

An isotope is the vary of neutrons in an element, causing its atomic mass to change. While an ion is a charged atom that bonds to be stable.

6 0

3 years ago

I will give brainliest if done well.

topjm [15]

Answer:

8.37g

Explanation:

Step 1 :

The balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

N2 + 2O2 —> 2NO2

Step 2:

Data obtained from the question.

Volume (V) of N2 = 2L

Pressure (P) = 840mmHg

Temperature (T) = 24°C

Number of mole (n) of N2 =?

Step 3:

Conversion to appropriate unit.

For pressure:

760mmHg = 1atm

840mmHg = 840/760 = 1.11 atm

For Temperature:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273

T(°C) = 24°C

T(K) = 24°C + 273

T(K) = 297K

Step 4:

Determination of the number of mole N2.

The number of mole of N2 can be obtained by using the ideal gas equation as follow:

Volume (V) of N2 = 2L

Pressure (P) = 1.11 atm

Temperature (T) = 297K

Number of mole (n) of N2 =?

Gas constant (R) = 0.082atm.L/Kmol

PV = nRT

Divide both side by RT

n = PV / RT

n = 1.11 x 2 / 0.082 x 297

n = 0.091 mole

Therefore, the number of mole of N2 that reacted is 0.091 mole

Step 5:

Determination of the mass of NO2 produced from the reaction. This is illustrated below:

N2 + 2O2 —> 2NO2

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of N2 produced 2 moles of NO2.

Therefore, 0.091 mole of N2 will produce = 0.091 x 2 = 0.182 mole of NO2.

Finally, we will convert 0.182 mole of NO2 to gram as shown below:

Number of mole NO2 = 0.182 mole

Molar mass of NO2 = 14 + (16x2) = 46g/mol

Mass = number of mole x molar mass

Mass of NO2 = 0.182 x 46

Mass of NO2 = 8.37g

7 0

3 years ago

One kilogram of water at 100 0C is cooled reversibly to 15 0C. Compute the change in entropy. Specific heat of water is 4190 J/K

mina [271]

Answer:

The change in entropy is -1083.112 joules per kilogram-Kelvin.

Explanation:

If the water is cooled reversibly with no phase changes, then there is no entropy generation during the entire process. By the Second Law of Thermodynamics, we represent the change of entropy ( $s_{2} - s_{1}$ ), in joules per gram-Kelvin, by the following model:

$s_{2} - s_{1} = \int\limits^{T_{2}}_{T_{1}} {\frac{dQ}{T} }$

$s_{2} - s_{1} = m\cdot c_{w} \cdot \int\limits^{T_{2}}_{T_{1}} {\frac{dT}{T} }$

$s_{2} - s_{1} = m\cdot c_{w} \cdot \ln \frac{T_{2}}{T_{1}}$ (1)

Where:

$m$ - Mass, in kilograms.

$c_{w}$ - Specific heat of water, in joules per kilogram-Kelvin.

$T_{1}$ , $T_{2}$ - Initial and final temperatures of water, in Kelvin.

If we know that $m = 1\,kg$ , $c_{w} = 4190\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot K}$ , $T_{1} = 373.15\,K$ and $T_{2} = 288.15\,K$ , then the change in entropy for the entire process is: