Coffee keeps you awake due to the caffeine in it. Caffeine is considered a psychoactive drug which energizes people by releasing a chemical in the body.
The way I would explain it is quite difficult to understand, so this is what Google says. "The wavelength (or equivalently, frequency) of the photon is determined by the difference in energy between the two states. These emitted photons form the element's spectrum. The fact that only certain colors appear in an element's atomic emission spectrum means that only certain frequencies of light are emitted." I hope this helped.
The advantage of steam distillation over simple distillation is that the lower boiling point reduces decomposition of temperature -sensitive compounds.
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a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound. a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.
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