Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental sample. Its field has been responsible for substantial advances in microbial ecology, evolution, and diversity over the past 5 to 10 years and many research laboratories are actively engaged in it now. Using metagenomics, the distinctions between bacterial species are based upon the comparison of DNA nucleotide sequences of different bacterial species.
In natural selection, there are three main things you need to know. There must be a variance in the genepool of course, or else to selection or evolution will take place. There also must be a selective force and time. Now, lets say that there is a population of many colored moths. But lets say that the brown colored moth blends in with the environment. This means that predators (selective force in this case) will have a much harder time finding these brown moths instead of easily finding some of the other colored moths (variation). This means that the brown moths will survive at a much higher rate because the are harder to find, and over time, the gene pool will narrow down to just brown moths because the rest of the moths die out due to predators and competition. This also means that this moth species has evolved over time to just become the brown colored moths only. Hope you can understand this but feel free to ask for clarification.
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The species had the same fundamental niche, but the high-altitude species was occupying a perceived niche, as it was inhabiting a different ecosystem, with different adaptations, but being the same species.
<h3>Why is the perceived niche considered a subset of the fundamental niche?</h3>
Well, as we know, the perceived niche is smaller than the fundamental niche, in other words it is a specific portion of the fundamental niche, so it is considered a subset of the fundamental niche.
With this information, we can conclude that the species had the same fundamental niche, but that the high-altitude species was occupying a perceived niche, as it was inhabiting a different ecosystem, with different adaptations, but being the same species.
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