Question

Write and balance the equation for the combination of ammonia gas with solid copper (II) oxide to produce copper metal, nitrogen gas, and liquid water. What are the states of matter of each element/compound of the equation?

Answer 1

The balanced chemical equation of combination reaction is as follows:

$\boxed{{\text{3CuO}}\left(s\right)+{\text{2N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{3Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+3{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)}$

The state of CuO and Cu is solid. The state of ${\mathbf{N}}{{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{3}}}$ and ${{\mathbf{N}}_{\mathbf{2}}}$ is gas and that of ${{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{O}}$ is liquid.

Further explanation:

The chemical reaction that contains equal number of atoms of the different elements in the reactant as well as in the product side is known as a balanced chemical reaction. The chemical equation is required to be balanced to follow the Law of the conservation of mass.

Combination reactions are also known as a synthesis reaction. These are the reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form single product. These are generally accompanied by the release of heat so they are exothermic reactions.

Examples of combination reactions are as follows:

(a) ${\text{Ba}}+{{\text{F}}_2}\to{\text{Ba}}{{\text{F}}_2}$

(b) ${\text{CaO}}+{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}\to{\text{Ca}}{\left({{\text{OH}}}\right)_2}$

The steps to balance a chemical reaction are as follows:

Step1: Complete the reaction and write the unbalanced symbol equation.

In the combination reaction, ${\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}$ reacts with Cu to form CuO, ${{\text{N}}_2}$ and ${{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$. The physical state of CuO is solid, ${\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}$ is gas, ${{\text{N}}_2}$ is gas, Cu is solid and ${{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}$is liquid. The unbalanced chemical equation is as follows:

${\text{CuO}}\left(s\right)+{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)$

Step2: Then we write the number of atoms of all the different elements that are present in a chemical reaction in the reactant side and product side separately.

 ${\text{CuO}}\left(s\right)+{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)$

• On reactant side,

Number of copper atom is 1.

Number of oxygen atom is 1.

Number of nitrogen atom is 1.

Number of hydrogen atoms is 3.

• On the product side,

Number of copper atom is 1.

Number of oxygen atom is 1.

Number of nitrogen atoms is 2.

Number of hydrogen atoms is 2.

Step 3: Initially, we try to balance the number of other atoms of elements except for carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen by multiplying with some number on any side. Copper atoms are balanced on both sides. To balance the number of nitrogen atoms multiply ${\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}$by 2. Now the reaction is,

${\text{CuO}}\left(s\right)+\boxed2{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)$

Step 4: After this, we balance the number of atoms of carbon and then hydrogen atom followed by oxygen atoms. To balance the number of hydrogen atoms multiply ${{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}$by 3 and to balance oxygen atoms multiply CuO by 3. Now the reaction is,

$\boxed{\text{3}}{\text{CuO}}\left(s\right)+2{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+\boxed3{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)$

Step 5: Finally, we check the number of atoms of each element on both sides. If the number is same then the chemical equation is balanced. The number of copper atoms is not same on both sides. To balance them, multiply Cu by 3. The balanced chemical equation is as follows:

${\text{3CuO}}\left(s\right)+{\text{2N}}{{\text{H}}_3}\left(g\right)\to{\text{3Cu}}\left(s\right)+{{\text{N}}_2}\left(g\right)+3{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\left(l\right)$

The state of CuO and Cu is solid. The state of ${\mathbf{N}}{{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{3}}}$ and ${{\mathbf{N}}_{\mathbf{2}}}$ is gas and that of ${{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}}{\mathbf{O}}$ is liquid.

Learn more:

1. Balanced chemical equation: brainly.com/question/1405182

2. Identify the precipitate in the reaction: brainly.com/question/8896163

Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation

Keywords: Balancing, CuO, Cu, N2, NH3, H2O, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, copper, phases, physical state, solid, liquid, gas, aqueous, coefficients, single product, two or more reactants, and combination reactions.

Answer 2

Explanation :

The balanced chemical reaction will be,

$3CuO(s)+2NH_3(g)\rightarrow 3Cu(s)+N_2(g)+3H_2O(l)$

By the stiochiometry, 3 moles of solid copper(II)oxide react with 2 moles of ammonia gas to give 3 moles of copper metal, 1 mole of nitrogen gas and 3 moles of liquid water.

The states of matter of each elements and compound is,

Copper(II)oxide is in solid state

Ammonia is in gaseous state

Copper metal is in solid state

Nitrogen is in gaseous state

Water is in liquid state