Your experiment has an accurate outcome. The only variable that should be changing is what you have already determined to be the independent variable. All other variables must be controlled (sometimes called constant) in order to preserve the accuracy of the experiment and ensure that the only thing impacted the change in the dependent variable is directly caused by the independent variable.
Answer:
The electron transport chain
Explanation:
During the citric cycle in the matrix of the mitochondria, the NAD+ and FAD+ the metabolic cycle are reduced to NADH and FADH₂ through accepting electrons. The energy harnessed from the metabolic cycle is used to develop a proton motive force across the mitochondrion intermembrane. This potential energy is harnesses by ATP synthase to create ATPs. As the H+ ions drain back into the matrix of the mitochondria, they are used to reduce oxygen to water. In this redox reaction, the FADH₂ and NADH donate their electrons and are recycled back to the citric cycle in their oxidized form.
Answer:
Cytokines made by other innate cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells
Explanation:
Innate Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on Dendritic cells and macrophages sense and respond to PAMPs and produce cytokines. Cytokines start the innate immune response.
The cytokines are produced in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as peptidoglycan monomers or CpG sequences on bacterial and viral genomes. Cytokines produced in response to pathogen receptors on cell surfaces, such as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, chemokines and type I interferons that act on leukocytes so as to promote and control early inflammatory responses.
It’s D . because , we’re living in we don’t need soil not everything needs soil to live .
Filter feeders. over harvesting is occurring in the bay disease and habitat loss.
