Hess' Law can best be described as A. <span>Heat evolved in a given process can be expressed as the sum of the heats of several processes that, when added, yield the process of interest. </span>
IBM and others are using copper instead of aluminum in the most powerful computer chips they manufacture. Because of copper's superior electrical conductivity, this technology enables conductor channel lengths and widths to be significantly reduced.
Answer:
Use a ratio of 0.44 mol lactate to 1 mol of lactic acid
Explanation:
John could prepare a lactate buffer.
He can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the acid/base ratio for the buffer.
![\text{pH} = \text{pK}_{\text{a}} + \log\dfrac{\text{[A$^{-}$]}}{\text{[HA]}}\\\\3.5 = 3.86 + \log\dfrac{\text{[A$^{-}$]}}{\text{[HA]}}\\\\\log\dfrac{\text{[A$^{-}$]}}{\text{[HA]}} = 3.5 - 3.86 = -0.36\\\\\dfrac{\text{[A$^{-}$]}}{\text{[HA]}} = 10^{-0.36} = \mathbf{0.44}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BpH%7D%20%3D%20%5Ctext%7BpK%7D_%7B%5Ctext%7Ba%7D%7D%20%2B%20%5Clog%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BA%24%5E%7B-%7D%24%5D%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C3.5%20%3D%203.86%20%2B%20%5Clog%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BA%24%5E%7B-%7D%24%5D%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Clog%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BA%24%5E%7B-%7D%24%5D%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%7D%20%3D%203.5%20-%203.86%20%3D%20-0.36%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BA%24%5E%7B-%7D%24%5D%7D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%7D%20%3D%2010%5E%7B-0.36%7D%20%3D%20%5Cmathbf%7B0.44%7D)
He should use a ratio of 0.44 mol lactate to 1 mol of lactic acid.
For example, he could mix equal volumes of 0.044 mol·L⁻¹ lactate and 0.1 mol·L⁻¹ lactic acid.