The description of the question provided above points out to the famous Big Bang Theory. In addition, this theory is among the most accepted by cosmologists because it fits like a glove to the phenomenon the universe is experiencing right now: it is expanding and distances between celestial bodies are getting farther and farther.
The concept required to solve this problem is the optical relationship that exists between the apparent depth and actual or actual depth. This is mathematically expressed under the equations.

Where,
Depth of glass
Refraction index of water
Refraction index of glass
Refraction index of air
Depth of water
I enclose a diagram for a better understanding of the problem, in this way we can determine that the apparent depth in the water of the logo would be subject to



Therefore the distance below the upper surface of the water that appears to be the logo is 4.041cm
Answer:
so maximum velocity for walk on the surface of europa is 0.950999 m/s
Explanation:
Given data
legs of length r = 0.68 m
diameter = 3100 km
mass = 4.8×10^22 kg
to find out
maximum velocity for walk on the surface of europa
solution
first we calculate radius that is
radius = d/2 = 3100 /2 = 1550 km
radius = 1550 × 10³ m
so we calculate no maximum velocity that is
max velocity = √(gr) ...............1
here r is length of leg
we know g = GM/r² from universal gravitational law
so G we know 6.67 ×
N-m²/kg²
g = 6.67 ×
( 4.8×10^22 ) / ( 1550 × 10³ )
g = 1.33 m/s²
now
we put all value in equation 1
max velocity = √(1.33 × 0.68)
max velocity = 0.950999 m/s
so maximum velocity for walk on the surface of europa is 0.950999 m/s
Heat absorbed by the solar collector = Area*Irradiance = 5.3*995 = 5273.5 W
Heat Q in joules absorbed in t hours = Heat used to heat water. That is,
5273.5*t = mCΔT; where mass = volume*density = 1*1000 = 1000 kg
Therefore;
5273.5t = 1000*4186*(65-20) = 188370000
t = 188370000/5273.5 = 35720.11 seconds = 35720.11/(60*60) hours ≈ 9.92 hours.
It will take approximately 9.92 hours.
Answer:
freqiency=velocity/wavelength
ief=20/2000=0.01hz