Answer:
The change in energy when a neutral atom in the gaseous state adds an electron to form a negative ion.
Explanation:
That is, it is the energy involved in the reaction
X(g) + e⁻ ⟶ X⁻(g)
For most elements, the electron affinity is negative.
However, there are two major exceptions — the values are positive for the elements of Groups 2 and 18 (note the troughs in the graph below).
Answer:
Group 1 (or IA)
Explanation:
If element X is a halogen, then it belongs to the group 17 (or VIIA, under a different notation).
For each extra unit of atomic number, the group number increases by 1. That means that the X+1 element would belong to the group 18 (or VIIIA). <em>The X+2 element would thus belong in the group 1 </em>(or IA) one period higher (higher as in numeric value, not as in position in the periodic table).
C- K4O8 and K2O4
K4O8/4 =KO2
K2O4/2 =KO2
The correct matches are:
1. Exosphere - Temperatures reach as high as 2000 C yet it feels very cold
This is the top layer of the atmosphere. The atoms are so dispersed that despite it having very high temperature it doesn't feel like it at all.
2. Thermosphere - Particles that have enough energy can escape into space
The thermosphere is the fourth highest layer of the atmosphere. The atoms in this layer are relatively distant from one another, so the particles that have enough energy manage to escape easily into the exosphere and then the space.
3. Mesosphere - It is the coldest region of the atmosphere
The mesosphere is the third highest layer. In this layer the temperatures constantly drop, and they go down to -85 degrees, making it the coldest layer by far.
4. Stratosphere - Ninety percent ozone is in this layer
The startosphere has a separte zone in it which is dominated by only one gas, the ozone. It is called the ozone layer, the one that protects the Earth from too intense UV radiation, and in fact over 90% of this gas is locate here.
5. Troposphere - It is warm due to the heat from Earth's surface
The troposphere is the densest and lowest of the layers. It is the one that also has Greenhouse gases which manage to trap the heat that is radiated from the surface of the Earth, thus keeping this layer relatively warm.
