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Whitepunk [10]
3 years ago
5

Who invented the transistor

Physics
2 answers:
Darya [45]3 years ago
8 0

William Shockley i think

erma4kov [3.2K]3 years ago
4 0

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material usually with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found embedded in integrated circuits.

Some of the earliest work on semiconductor amplifiers emerged from Eastern Europe. In 1922-23 Russian engineer Oleg Losev of the Nizhegorod Radio Laboratory, Leningrad, found that a special mode of operation in a point-contact zincite (ZnO) crystal diode supported signal amplification up to 5 MHz. Although Losev experimented with the material in radio circuits for years, he died in the 1942 Siege of Leningrad and was unable to advocate for his place in history. His work is largely unknown.

Austro-Hungarian physicist, Julius E. Lilienfeld, moved to the US and in 1926 filed a patent for a “Method and Apparatus for Controlling Electric Currents” in which he described a three-electrode amplifying device using copper-sulfide semiconductor material. Lilienfeld is credited with inventing the electrolytic capacitor but there is no evidence that he built a working amplifier. His patent, however, had sufficient resemblance to the later field effect transistor to deny future patent applications for that structure.

<span>German scientists also contributed to this early research. While working at Cambridge University, England in 1934, German electrical engineer and inventor Oskar Heil filed a patent on controlling current flow in a semiconductor via capacitive coupling at an electrode – essentially a field-effect transistor. And in 1938, Robert Pohl and Rudolf Hilsch experimented on potassium-bromide crystals with three electrodes at Gottingen University. They reported amplification of low-frequency (about 1 Hz) signals. None of this research led to any applications but Heil is remembered in audiophile circles today for his air motion transformer used in high fidelity speakers.</span>

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HELP ASAP
velikii [3]

Answer:

A. negatively charged are deposited on the belt, which deposits positive charges on the metal ball.

Explanation:

Negatively charged ions are injected at one end of thebelt towards the high potntial terminal, where they are acclerated by attractive forces towards the terminal. When the particles reach the terminal, they are stripped of some electrons to make them positively charged.

5 0
3 years ago
5) A 20.0 kg cart with no friction wheels sits on a table. A light string is attached to it and runs over a low friction pulley
ella [17]

Answer:

1) Please find attached, created with Microsoft Visio

2) The acceleration of the masses connected by the light string is 0.00735 m/s²

3) The tension in the cord is 0.147 N

4) The time it would take the block to go 1.2 m to the edge of the table is approximately 18.07 s

5) The velocity of the cart as soon as it gets to the edge of the table is 0.042 m/s

Explanation:

1) Please find attached, the required free body diagram, showing the tension, weight and frictional (zero friction) forces acting on the cart and the mass created with Microsoft Visio

2) The acceleration of the masses connected by the light string is given as follows;

F = Mass, m × Acceleration, a

The mass of the truck, M = 20.0 kg

The mass attached to the string, hanging rom the pulley, m = 0.0150 kg

The force, F acting on the system = The pulling force on the cart = The tension on the cable = The weight of the hanging mass = 0.0150 × 9.8 = 0.147 N

The pulling force acting on the cart, F = M × a

∴ F = 0.147 N = 20.0 kg × a

a = 0.147 N/(20.0 kg) = 0.00735 m/s²

The acceleration of the truck = a = 0.00735 m/s²

3) The tension in the cord = F = 0.147 N

4) The time, t, it would take the block to go 1.2 m to the edge of the table is given by the kinematic equation, s = u·t + 1/2·a·t²

Where;

s = The distance to the edge of the table = 1.2 m

u = The initial velocity = 0 m/s (The cart is assumed to be initially at rest)

a = The acceleration of the cart = 0.00735 m/s²

t = The time taken

Substituting the known values, gives;

s = u·t + 1/2·a·t²

1.2 = 0 × t + 1/2 ×0.00735 × t²

1.2 = 1/2 ×0.00735 × t²

t² = 1.2/(1/2 ×0.00735) ≈ 326.5306

t = √(1.2/(1/2 ×0.00735)) ≈ 18.07

The time it would take the block to go 1.2 m to the edge of the table = t ≈ 18.07 s

5) The velocity, v, of the cart as soon as it gets to the edge of the table is given by the kinematic equation, v² = u² + 2·a·s as follows;

v² = u² + 2·a·s

u = 0 m/s

v² = 0² + 2 × 0.00735 × 1.2 = 0.001764

v = √(0.001764) = 0.042

The velocity of the cart as soon as it gets to the edge of the table = v = 0.042 m/s.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
As the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation increases. true or false
KIM [24]

Answer:

Explanation:

The energy and the frequency of electromagnetic radiation inversely proportional to the frequency of radiation.

So, as the wavelength increases, the energy and the frequency decreases.

7 0
2 years ago
All BUT one statement applies to electromagnetic radiation. That is
koban [17]

A) Radio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation.

TRUE

It is the type of electromagnetic wave with least energy range and longest wavelength range among all

B) Electromagnetic radiation does not require a medium to travel.  

TRUE

This radiation can travel through vacuum also and its speed is maximum in vacuum

C) In a vacuum, electromagnetic radiation travels at the speed of light.

TRUE  

speed of all electromagnetic radiation is same as speed of light in vacuum

D) Electromagnetic radiation travels in the form of longitudinal waves.

FALSE

All electromagnetic radiation is always in form of transverse waves

So correct options are

<u>A, B, C</u>

4 0
3 years ago
Give two example for push or pull to change the state of motion of time two examples​
dolphi86 [110]

Explanation:

An Example of push as a force would be to push on a swing. The force moves the swing in a particular direction and the harder that you push the further the swing will go.

An example of pull as a force would be opening a door. ...

An example of pressure as a force is when you push down on a pile of grapes. is this what you mean

4 0
3 years ago
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