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Leviafan [203]
4 years ago
7

A 92-kg rugby player running at 7.5 m/s collides in midair with a 112-kg player moving in the opposite direction. After the coll

ision each player has zero velocity.
What was the initial speed of the 112-kg player before the collision?
Physics
1 answer:
madam [21]4 years ago
8 0

By the condition of momentum conservation we can say that since there is no external force along horizontal direction so we will have

m_1v_{1i} + m_2v_{2i} = m_1v_{1f} + m_2v_{2f}

here we know that

m_1 = 92 kg

v_{1i} = 7.5 m/s

m_2 = 112 kg

also we know that

v_{1f} = v_{2f} = 0

now from above equation we have

92(7.5) + 112 v = 0 + 0

now we have

v = 6.16 m/s

so the speed of the other player must be 6.16 m/s

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One of the waste products of a nuclear reactor is plutonium-239 . This nucleus is radioactive and decays by splitting into a hel
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Answer:

a) v_{U-235} = 2.68 \cdot 10^{5} m/s

v_{He-4} = -1.57 \cdot 10^{7} m/s  

b) E_{He-4} = 8.23 \cdot 10^{-13} J

E_{U-235} = 1.41 \cdot 10^{-14} J

 

Explanation:

Searching the missed information we have:                                        

E: is the energy emitted in the plutonium decay = 8.40x10⁻¹³ J

m(⁴He): is the mass of the helium nucleus = 6.68x10⁻²⁷ kg  

m(²³⁵U): is the mass of the helium U-235 nucleus = 3.92x10⁻²⁵ kg            

a) We can find the velocities of the two nuclei by conservation of linear momentum and kinetic energy:

Linear momentum:

p_{i} = p_{f}

m_{Pu-239}v_{Pu-239} = m_{He-4}v_{He-4} + m_{U-235}v_{U-235}

Since the plutonium nucleus is originally at rest, v_{Pu-239} = 0:

0 = m_{He-4}v_{He-4} + m_{U-235}v_{U-235}  

v_{He-4} = -\frac{m_{U-235}v_{U-235}}{m_{He-4}}    (1)

Kinetic Energy:

E_{Pu-239} = \frac{1}{2}m_{He-4}v_{He-4}^{2} + \frac{1}{2}m_{U-235}v_{U-235}^{2}

2*8.40 \cdot 10^{-13} J = m_{He-4}v_{He-4}^{2} + m_{U-235}v_{U-235}^{2}    

1.68\cdot 10^{-12} J = m_{He-4}v_{He-4}^{2} + m_{U-235}v_{U-235}^{2}   (2)    

By entering equation (1) into (2) we have:

1.68\cdot 10^{-12} J = m_{He-4}(-\frac{m_{U-235}v_{U-235}}{m_{He-4}})^{2} + m_{U-235}v_{U-235}^{2}  

1.68\cdot 10^{-12} J = 6.68 \cdot 10^{-27} kg*(-\frac{3.92 \cdot 10^{-25} kg*v_{U-235}}{6.68 \cdot 10^{-27} kg})^{2} +3.92 \cdot 10^{-25} kg*v_{U-235}^{2}  

Solving the above equation for v_{U-235} we have:

v_{U-235} = 2.68 \cdot 10^{5} m/s

And by entering that value into equation (1):

v_{He-4} = -\frac{3.92 \cdot 10^{-25} kg*2.68 \cdot 10^{5} m/s}{6.68 \cdot 10^{-27} kg} = -1.57 \cdot 10^{7} m/s                        

The minus sign means that the helium-4 nucleus is moving in the opposite direction to the uranium-235 nucleus.

b) Now, the kinetic energy of each nucleus is:

For He-4:

E_{He-4} = \frac{1}{2}m_{He-4}v_{He-4}^{2} = \frac{1}{2} 6.68 \cdot 10^{-27} kg*(-1.57 \cdot 10^{7} m/s)^{2} = 8.23 \cdot 10^{-13} J

For U-235:

E_{U-235} = \frac{1}{2}m_{U-235}v_{U-235}^{2} = \frac{1}{2} 3.92 \cdot 10^{-25} kg*(2.68 \cdot 10^{5} m/s)^{2} = 1.41 \cdot 10^{-14} J

 

I hope it helps you!                                                                                    

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