A normal IV bag contains a saline solution. This means that it contains water mixed with sodium chloride though sometimes it may be water mixed with dextrose. Both of these are additives used to normalize tonicity.
Tonicity is a measurement of osmotic pressure. What this means is that it measures how likely it is for water to be drawn to it and is based on the concentration of solutes. There are 3 measurements for tonicity
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
- Isotonic
These measurements tell us whether water is likely to be drawn in, repelled, or not move at all. This will depend on the concentration of solutes and water on the inside and outside of a cell. If a patient is given normal water, the water will dissolve the solutes outside of a cell and cause a pressure gradient that will cause water to be drawn into a cell until it inevitably explodes. This death of the blood cells is known as hemolysis. To avoid this, additives like Dextrose or sodium chloride are added, to equalize tonicity.
Though dextrose is often used, the most common solution for an IV bag is the saline solution made from water and sodium chloride (salt). The addition of additives like salt or dextrose (a type of sugar) is important in order to normalize tonicity and avoid hemolysis.
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Answer:
The sensitization and awareness campaign by Teddy's organization was aimed to prevent greenhouse effects by preserving the integrity of the ozone layer in deflecting the dangerous ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
Explanation:
Products such as aerosols, refrigerators, and other substances that can release Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) had been banned due to their bye product of CFCs which had been studied to be harmful to the ecosystem, especially the stratosphere.
The released CFCs are volatile and escape faster due to their low relative density. Therefore, they tend to get into the upper atmosphere within a couple of minutes. When CFCs and Ultraviolet radiation reacts, it leads to the formation of mono oxides of chlorine and bromine. These fragments (Cl2O and Br2O) are capable of reducing the protective ozone shield into ordinary oxygen, which cannot prevent the penetration of harmful ultraviolet radiation into the earth, which cause mutation of DNA and destruction of protein content of the animals and plants on the earth, and finally to cancer and other genetic mutation problems.
D) Ecological systems often remain in balance if only one factor is altered.
Ecological system can affect one another regardless of how small or great the factor that was altered. This can have gradual and insidious effects on the ecosystem. <span>Ecosystem is
encompassing all the life on earth in the physical environment that
supports it. An ecosystem involves both the biological (plants, animals,
human beings) and non-biological (land, water, soil, and atmosphere)
community which interacts as a system. More importantly, the living
things are very dependent on the abiotic community since it cannot
survive by itself.</span>
I am knot a 100% sure but posably a periodic table would hep:) hope i helped
<span>D. There would be much less precipitation and evaporation.
Much of the precipitation comes from the evaporation of water from the ocean and posterior condensations into clouds that go over the mountains. If the mountains were to be far from the ocean, there would be much less precipitation and, therefore, evaporation also. </span>
