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3 years ago

A measure of the kinetic energy of particle motion within a substance is _____.

Chemistry

2 answers:

nasty-shy [4]3 years ago

6 0

Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

It is known that energy obtained by an object due to its motion is known as kinetic energy. Whereas an energy obtained by an object due to its position is known as potential energy.

For example, when water is heated then bond between its molecules starts to break and therefore, molecules start to move as they tend to gain kinetic energy due to increase in temperature.

Also, it is known that K.E = $\frac{3}{2}kT$

where k = boltzmann constant

T = temperature

Hence, kinetic energy is proportional to temperature. So, more is the increase in temperature more will be the increase in kinetic energy.

Thus, we can conclude that a measure of the kinetic energy of particle motion within a substance is temperature.

Irina18 [472]3 years ago

5 0

All particles (atoms and molecules) of matter have kinetic energy because they are always in motion.

A measure of the kinetic energy of particle motion within a substance is temperature. If the particles move faster, they have more kinetic energy, and the substance has a higher temperature

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Consider a mixture of two gases, A and B, confined in a closed vessel. A quantity of a third gas, C, is added to the same vessel

n200080 [17]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:

Consider a mixture of two gases, A and B, confined in a closed vessel. A quantity of a third gas, C, is added to the same vessel at the same temperature. How does the addition of gas C affect the following. The mole fraction of gas B?

A mixture of gases contains 10.25 g of N₂, 2.05 g of H₂, and 7.63 g of NH₃.

Answer: The mole fraction of gas B (hydrogen gas) is 0.557

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$ .....(1)

For nitrogen gas:

Given mass of nitrogen gas = 10.25 g

Molar mass of nitrogen gas = 28 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of nitrogen gas}=\frac{10.25g}{28g/mol}=0.366mol$

For hydrogen gas:

Given mass of hydrogen gas = 2.05 g

Molar mass of hydrogen gas = 2 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of hydrogen gas}=\frac{2.05g}{2g/mol}=1.025mol$

For ammonia gas:

Given mass of ammonia gas = 7.63 g

Molar mass of ammonia gas = 17 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

$\text{Moles of ammonia gas}=\frac{7.63g}{17g/mol}=0.449mol$

Mole fraction of a substance is given by:

$\chi_A=\frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B+n_C}$

Moles of gas B (hydrogen gas) = 1.025 moles

Total moles = [0.366 + 1.025 + 0.449] = 1.84 moles

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\chi_{(H_2)}=\frac{1.025}{1.84}=0.557$

Hence, the mole fraction of gas B (hydrogen gas) is 0.557

6 0

3 years ago

For the reaction

PilotLPTM [1.2K]

We are asked to find the value of ΔG°rxn from the equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products. We can use the following formula:

ΔG°rxn = -RTlnK

The value of R = 8.314 J/Kmol, T = 298.15 K and we are given the equilibrium constant Keq = 2.82.

The question provides equilibrium concentrations and then asks to find ΔG°rxn when more of a product is added to the reaction mixture. However, you are asked to find ΔG after the reaction has settled down and reached equilibrium once more. Therefore, we can simply use Keq = 2.82 still and solve for ΔG.

ΔG°rxn = -(8.314 J/Kmol)(298.15 K)(ln(2.82))
ΔG°rxn = -2570 J/mol
ΔG°rxn = -2.57 kJ/mol

Under equilibrium conditions at standard temperature and pressures, the value of ΔG°rxn = -2.57 kJ/mol.

8 0

3 years ago

acetic acid or vinegar boils sooner than water. if you had a mixture of acetic acid and water, you could seperate it by?

melomori [17]

Since acetic acid or vinegar boils sooner than water and vinegar and water are highly miscible, we cant separate the two by filtration but one way is to use their volatilities. We can boil the solution at 100oC and thats the time, water remains in the container.

5 0

3 years ago

What is the correct formula for calcium nitride

Artemon [7]

Ca3N2 is your answer

8 0

3 years ago

Find ∆G for a cell whose potential is +0.24 V with 4 moles of electrons exchanged.

Setler [38]

We need to use the following formula
Δ $G= -nF E_{cell}$

$E_{cell}= 0.24V$
n= 4 moles
F= constant= 96500C/mol

let's plug in the values.

ΔG= -(4)(96500)(0.24)= -92640 J or -92.6 kJ

6 0

3 years ago

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