Through spectroscopy. Each atom in a gas absorbs and emits light at very specific and unique frequencies. Heating up a gas causes it to glow at these frequencies. If you put the light from a mercury lamp, for example, through a prism there will not be a rainbow. There will only be specific bands of light at certain colors.
On the other hand, white light comes from the sun. The inner part of the sun creates white light as it isn't just a gas state (this specific choosing of frequencies is a gaseous phenomenon) but the atmosphere of the sun is a gas. So when the white light passes through it, it absorbs specific frequencies specific to the elements in the gas. These get scattered (released at random directions) and so many of them don't reach our telescopes. So in a rainbow from stars (including the sun) have dark bands at specific frequencies. You need equipment to focus and see the spectrum closely to notice this. But the missing frequencies are the EXACT frequencies that the gas of the sun's atmosphere would release if heated in a lamp.
So based on what light is emitted (in gas bulbs) or missing from a spectrum (from stars) we can tell what elements are present there.
Some dogs may inherit a susceptibility to epilepsy.
All electromagnetic waves travel at
299,792,458 meters per second
in vacuum.
1.) Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity in many species of plants and animals because of meiosis. During meiosis, crossing-over occurs and changes up genes in the chromosomes. Each gamete (sperm and egg), have half the chromosomes (23) and combine to have 46 chromosomes. This is how you get traits from your parents that make you different.
2.) Asexual reproduction occurs when a single parent copies its own DNA and genes and grows an identical version or clone of itself.
Answer:
The Kinetic Theory of Matter or KTM as i will call it, states that every object is made of many many small particles (humans are made of sextillions of atoms), and that they are constantly moving and bumping each other. The degree to which the particles move is determined by the amount of energy they have and their relationship to other particles.
An example would be Brownian Motion- the random movement of dust particles because of collisions with "air" molecules and how gases behave i.e. Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's Laws.
