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kramer
3 years ago
15

#15: identify which of the following atoms has the highest electronegativity and choose the statement that best explains why thi

s is true

Chemistry
1 answer:
zhenek [66]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Nitrogen

It has the least number of protons in the group hence making it smaller

Explanation:

According to periodic table, electronegativity increases across the period and decreases down the group.

Electronegativity is the tendency of an element to accept electrons towards itself.

In this group of elements, nitrogen has the highest electronegativity because it has the least number of protons in the group. Increase in the number of protons decreases an elements electro negative value.

The least electronegative element in that group is Antimony (Sb).

Electronegativity increases across the period and decreases down the group while electropositivity decreases across the period and increases down the group.

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What masses of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate
andreyandreev [35.5K]

Answer:

NaCl: 184g

MgCl₂: 6.60g

Na₂SO₄: 9.26g

CaCl₂: 1.28g

KCl: 0.70g

NaHCO₃: 0.13g

Explanation:

To convert these concentrations to masses we need to convert molarity to moles and moles to grams using molar mass of each salt:

[CaCl₂] = [Ca²⁺] = 0.0115M

[HCO₃⁻] = [NaHCO₃] = 0.0015M

[SO₄²⁻] = [Na₂SO₄] = 0.0652M

[Mg²⁺] = [MgCl₂] = 0.0693M

[K⁺] = [KCl] = 0.0094M

And using the concentration of Cl⁻:

[Cl⁻] = [NaCl] + 2[MgCl₂] + 2[CaCl₂] + [KCl]

[3.32] = [NaCl] + 2[0.0693] + 2[0.0115] + [0.0094]

[NaCl] = 3.149M

The masses you need are:

<em>NaCl (Molar mass: 58.44g/mol):</em>

3.149mol/L * 1L *  (58.44g/mol) =

<h3>184g NaCl</h3><h3 />

<em>MgCl₂ (Molar mass: 95.211g/mol):</em>

0.0693mol/L * 1L *  (95.211g/mol) =

<h3>6.60g MgCl₂</h3><h3 />

Na₂SO₄<em> (Molar mass: 142.04g/mol):</em>

0.0652mol/L * 1L *  (142.04g/mol) =

<h3>9.26g Na₂SO₄</h3>

CaCl₂<em> (Molar mass: 110.98g/mol):</em>

0.0115mol/L * 1L *  (110.98g/mol) =

<h3>1.28g CaCl₂</h3>

KCl<em> (Molar mass: 74.55g/mol):</em>

0.0094mol/L * 1L *  (74.55g/mol) =

<h3>0.70g KCl</h3><h3 />

<em>NaHCO₃ (Molar mass: 84g/mol):</em>

0.0015mol/L * 1L *  (84g/mol) =

<h3>0.13g NaHCO₃</h3>

7 0
3 years ago
Determine the oxidation states of the elements in the compounds listed. None of the oxygen-containing compounds are peroxides or
Ahat [919]

Answer :

Oxidation number or oxidation state : It represent the number of electrons lost or gained by the atoms of an element in a compound.

Oxidation numbers are generally written with the sign (+) and (-) first and then the magnitude.

Rules for Oxidation Numbers are :

  • The oxidation number of a free element is always zero.
  • The oxidation number of a monatomic ion equals the charge of the ion.
  • The oxidation number of  Hydrogen (H)  is +1, but it is -1 in when combined with less electronegative elements.
  • The oxidation number of  oxygen (O)  in compounds is usually -2.
  • The oxidation number of a Group 17 element in a binary compound is -1.
  • The sum of the oxidation numbers of all of the atoms in a neutral compound is zero.
  • The sum of the oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.

Now we have to determine the oxidation state of the elements in the compound.

(a) H_2SO_4

Let the oxidation state of 'S' be, 'x'

2(+1)+x+4(-2)=0\\\\x=+6

Hence, the oxidation state of 'S' is, (+6)

(b) Ca(OH)_2

Let the oxidation state of 'Ca' be, 'x'

x+2(-2+1)=0\\\\x=+2

Hence, the oxidation state of 'Ca' is, (+2)

(c) BrOH

Let the oxidation state of 'Br' be, 'x'

x+(-2)+1=0\\\\x=+1

Hence, the oxidation state of 'Br' is, (+1)

(d) ClNO_2

Let the oxidation state of 'N' be, 'x'

-1+x+2(-2)=0\\\\x=+5

Hence, the oxidation state of 'N' is, (+5)

(e) TiCl_4

Let the oxidation state of 'Ti' be, 'x'

x+4(-1)=0\\\\x=+4

Hence, the oxidation state of 'Ti' is, (+4)

(f) NaH

Let the oxidation state of 'Na' be, 'x'

x+(-1)=0\\\\x=+1

Hence, the oxidation state of 'Na' is, (+1)

4 0
3 years ago
Fluorine-18 is produced by reacting oxygen-18 with a proton, 11p. The products of this reaction are fluorine-18, a neutron, and
Tanya [424]

₈O¹⁸ + ₁¹H(proton) ⇒ ₉F¹⁸ + ₀n¹(neutron) + ₀γ⁰ (gamma)

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

Given

Fluorine-18

Oxygen-18

Required

Nuclear equation

Solution

Radioactivity is the process of unstable isotopes to stable isotopes by decay, by emitting certain particles,  

  • alpha α particles ₂He⁴
  • beta β ₋₁e⁰ particles
  • gamma particles ₀γ⁰
  • positron particles ₁e⁰
  • neutron ₀n¹

The principle used is the sum of the atomic number and mass number before and after the decay reaction is the same

The reaction

₈O¹⁸ + ₁¹H(proton) ⇒ ₉F¹⁸ + ₀n¹(neutron) + ₀γ⁰ (gamma)

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Hydrogen and oxygen undergo a chemical reaction to form water. How much water will be created if hydrogen has a mass of 3.56 g a
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Answer:

22.88g

Explanation:

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3 years ago
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