In the so called rain shadow effect we have interaction between all of the four major Earth spheres. When we have a coastal region where there's a high mountain range, the part of the mountain that is facing the sea will differ a lot from the part of the mountain that is on the other side. The water from the sea evaporates. The water vapor makes the air wet. The warm and wet air masses from the sea will come to the coastline, once they reach the mountain they will start to accumulate as they can not pass through it. As they accumulate rainfall appears. The rainfall contributes to a lush vegetation on this side of the mountain (windward side). The rain shadow effect appears on the leeward side of the mountain, and it mostly gets dry, strong, downward winds. These conditions result in drier climate, much less vegetation, and much increased erosion. Thus we can easily see that we have in this case interaction between the hydrosphere (the sea and the rainfall), the geosphere (the ground, soil, rocks), biosphere (the vegetation), and atmosphere (the winds, the clouds).
Rates can be calculated with Arrhenius equation k = Axe^(-Ea/RT)
a. temperature affects the rate - imagine you are making coffee, so coffee crystals are boiled faster on higher temperature. Simplified but makes sense.
b. Ea is activation energy. Imagine, while preparing coffee, some of ingredients change to a different one, so there is a A -> B reaction (simplified). Now, Ea is energy barrier that stands on the arrow of this reaction, preventing A to transform to B. If Ea is small, reaction will go easy (not fast!), if Ea is large –reaction will not happen so easy (you ll have to use catalyst for example)
Answer: 1.33x10^-22g
Explanation:Please see attachment for explanation
