a) To find the mass after t years:we will use this formula:
A = Ao / 2^n when A =the amount remaining
and Ao = the initial amount
and n = t / t(1/2)
by substitution:
∴ A = 200 mg/ 2^(t/30y)b) Mass after 90 y :by using the previous formula and substitute t by 90 y
A = 200mg/ 2^(90y/30y)
∴ A = 25 mgC) Time for 1 mg remaining:when A= Ao/ 2^(t/t(1/2)
so, by substitution:
1 mg = 200 mg / 2^(t/30y)
∴2^(t/30y) = 200 mg by solving for t
∴ t = 229 y
Answer:
1. There are so many ethical concerns about biotechnology, some Ethical issues that arise from the application of modern biotechnologies include:
Discrimination of individuals because of their health or health history as a result of knowing their genetic information, minimizing harms while maximizing benefits, Interference with nature, privacy.
2. a. Plants (maize, rice)
b. Fish (GloFish)
3. For individuals, biotechnology has helped in the prevention and treatment of a wide range of diseases. For society, biotechnology saves time, improves the health and quality of food through a reduction in the use of pesticides and it can create new viruses and bacteria that cause diseases. Biotechnology could address global change since more genetically modified plants are grown.
Answer:
The degree of dissociation of acetic acid is 0.08448.
The pH of the solution is 3.72.
Explanation:
The 
The value of the dissociation constant = 
![pK_a=-\log[K_a]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pK_a%3D-%5Clog%5BK_a%5D)

Initial concentration of the acetic acid = [HAc] =c = 0.00225
Degree of dissociation = α

Initially
c
At equilibrium ;
(c-cα) cα cα
The expression of dissociation constant is given as:
![K_a=\frac{[H^+][Ac^-]}{[HAc]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=K_a%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D%5BAc%5E-%5D%7D%7B%5BHAc%5D%7D)



Solving for α:
α = 0.08448
The degree of dissociation of acetic acid is 0.08448.
![[H^+]=c\alpha = 0.00225M\times 0.08448=0.0001901 M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%2B%5D%3Dc%5Calpha%20%3D%200.00225M%5Ctimes%200.08448%3D0.0001901%20M)
The pH of the solution ;
![pH=-\log[H^+]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3D-%5Clog%5BH%5E%2B%5D)
![=-\log[0.0001901 M]=3.72](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%3D-%5Clog%5B0.0001901%20M%5D%3D3.72)
Answer: “We live on a hunk of rock and metal that circles a humdrum star that is one of 400 billion other stars that make up the Milky Way Galaxy which is one of billions of other galaxies which make up a universe which may be one of a very large number, perhaps an infinite number, of other universes. That is a perspective on human life and our culture that is well worth pondering.”
― Carl Saga
Is this it mate?
Answer:
2.57 e-9
Explanation:
The formula is H3O=10^-Ph
10^-8.59=2.57 e-9