The general rule of thumb is that the (smaller or larger) a substance's atoms and the (stronger or weaker) the bonds, the harder
1 answer:
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Answer:
Hydrogen Bond
Explanation:
Hydrogen bond interactions are formed between the hydrogen atom bonded to most electronegative atoms (i.e. F, O and N) of one molecule and most electronegative atom (i.e. F, O and N) of another molecule.
In this interaction the hydrogen atom has partial positive charge and electronegative atom has partial negative charge.
<u>Answer:</u> The freezing point of solution is -117.54°C and the boiling point of solution is 80.48°C
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the mass of ethanol, we use the equation:
Density of ethanol = 0.789 g/mL
Volume of ethanol = 96.3 mL
Putting values in above equation, we get:
- <u>Calculating the freezing point:</u>
Depression in freezing point is defined as the difference in the freezing point of pure solution and freezing point of solution.
The equation used to calculate depression in freezing point follows:
To calculate the depression in freezing point, we use the equation:
Or,
where,
Freezing point of pure solution = -114.1 °C
i = Vant hoff factor = 1 (For non-electrolytes)
= molal freezing point elevation constant = 1.99°C/m
= Given mass of solute (ethylene glycol) = 8.15 g
= Molar mass of solute (ethylene glycol) = 62 g/mol
= Mass of solvent (ethanol) = 75.98 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the freezing point of solution is -117.54°C
- <u>Calculating the boiling point:</u>
Elevation in boiling point is defined as the difference in the boiling point of solution and freezing point of pure solution.
The equation used to calculate elevation in boiling point follows:
To calculate the elevation in boiling point, we use the equation:
Or,
where,
Boiling point of pure solution = 78.4°C
i = Vant hoff factor = 1 (For non-electrolytes)
= molal boiling point elevation constant = 1.20°C/m.g
= Given mass of solute (ethylene glycol) = 8.15 g
= Molar mass of solute (ethylene glycol) = 62 g/mol
= Mass of solvent (ethanol) = 75.98 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the boiling point of solution is 80.48°C