Answer:
CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH > CH₃CH₂COOH > ClCH₂CH₂COOH > ClCH₂COOH
Explanation:
Electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) increase acidity by inductive removal of electrons from the carboxyl group.
Electron-donating groups (EDGs) decrease acidity by inductive donation of electrons to the carboxyl group.
- The closer the substituent is to the carboxyl group, the greater is its effect.
- The more substituents, the greater the effect.
- The effect tails off rapidly and is almost zero after about three C-C bonds.
CH₃CH₂-CH₂COOH — EDG — weakest — pKₐ = 4.82
CH₃-CH₂COOH — reference — pKₐ = 4.75
ClCH₂-CH₂COOH — EWG on β-carbon— stronger — pKₐ = 4.00
ClCH₂COOH — EWG on α-carbon — strongest — pKₐ = 2.87
Answer: Igneous rocks may be simply classified according to their chemical/mineral composition as felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic, and by texture or grain size: intrusive rocks are course grained (all crystals are visible to the naked eye) while extrusive rocks may be fine-grained (microscopic crystals) or glass.
Explanation: Hope this helped! :)
Permeable materials for what
I would think it is a heterogeneous mixture since it can't be an element since there are more than one type of atom, it can't be a compound since the leaves are not bonded together, and it can not be a homogeneous mixture since the leaves don't all blended together (the pile is not uniform) and you can distinguish all the different parts of the mixture. It can be considered a heterogeneous mixture since the leaves are mixed together (along with other things like dirt) in a non-uniform way so that you can point out the parts of the mixture and it does not look like one thing.
I hope this helps. Let me know in the comments if anything is unclear.
