A student was conducting an experiment designed to study the law of conservation of mass. The student measured the mass of all t
1 answer:
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The quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water system is the speed of light in vacuum.
<h3>What is the speed of light?</h3>Speed of light is the rate of speed though the light travels. To find the speed of light in any medium, the following formula is used.
Here, (n) is the index of reaction and (c) is the speed of light in the vacuum. The speed of light in the vacuum is almost equal to the 3.0×10⁸ m/s.
Now the quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water has to be find out.
The above formula can be written as,
Here, the product of index of refraction and speed of light is equal to the speed of light in vacuum. This will be true for water as well.
Thus, the quantity which is equivalent to the product of the absolute index of refraction of water and the speed of light in water system is the speed of light in vacuum.
Learn more about the speed of light here;
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Answer:
a) If the reaction has a large negative ΔGo value, the reaction must reach equilibrium at a small extent of reaction value
d) ΔGo and ΔG have the same magnitude, they just have opposite signs.
Explanation:
The fraction of the total heat energy if a system that does useful work is known as Gibb's free energy (G) and the change from the initial to final state is designated by . It is observed that the values of
changes with experimental conditions such as temperature , pressure , concentration etc.
is the standard free energy change which is a balance of two natural tendencies of any system.
- Minimization of potential energy or enthalpic factor
Maximization of disorderliness or entropic factor
Mathematically; =
-
Thus; from above mentioned, the statements that are true about ΔG⁰ and ΔG are:
ΔG⁰ and ΔG can have different values, they don't even have to have the same sign
For a reaction that reaches equilibrium, the minimum value of free energy must be at the equilibrium point
If ΔG⁰ , measured at an extent of reaction = 0.5, is positive, the sign for ΔG when the extent of reaction = 0.80 is also positive.
while the false statements include:
a) If the reaction has a large negative ΔG⁰ value, the reaction must reach equilibrium at a small extent of reaction value
d) ΔG⁰ and ΔG have the same magnitude, they just have opposite signs.