The work done to pull the sled up to the hill is given by

where
F is the intensity of the force
d is the distance where the force is applied.
In our problem, the work done is

and the distance through which the force is applied is

, so we can calculate the average force by re-arranging the previous equation and by using these data:
The functions of angles are used to find unknown lengths or angles that can't be measured, in terms of known quantities. The trig functions of angles are ratios of lengths, so they're bare naked numbers without units.
Answer:
285 seconds
Explanation:
Jenny speed is 3.8 m/s
Alyssa speed in 4.0 m/s
Alyssa starts after 15 seconds
Find the distance covered by Jenny, when Alyssa starts
Distance=Speed*time
Distance covered by Jenny in 15 seconds= 3.8×15=57m
Relative speed of the two members heading same direction will be;
4.0m/s-3.8m/s=0.2m/s
To find the time Alyssa catch up with Jenny you divide the distance to be covered by Alyssa by the relative speed of the two
Distance=57m, relative speed=0.2m/s t=57/0.2 =285 seconds
=4.75 minutes