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3 years ago

Which subatomic particle can change the molecular geometry of a molecule?

Chemistry

1 answer:

emmainna [20.7K]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

Electrons

Explanation:

According to the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR), the geometry of a molecule depends on the number of electron pairs (regions of electron density) on the central atom of the molecule. Electron pairs on the valence shell of the molecule tend to position themselves as far apart in space as possible to minimize repulsion between them. Hence, the orientation of these electron pairs is the ultimate determinant of the observed geometry of a molecule.

Lone pairs of electrons cause more repulsion than bond pairs of electrons on the central atom of a molecule. Hence when the central atom of a molecule contains lone pairs of electrons, the molecular geometry is usually distorted from the expected geometry on the basis of VSEPR theory.

Hence, electrons are the subatomic particles which are responsible for any change in the observed molecular geometry of a molecule.

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Read 2 more answers

In IR spectroscopy, we normally talk about "frequencies" when in reality we are referring to wavenumbers. What is the mathematic

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Answer:

Here's what I get.

Explanation:

(b) Wavenumber and wavelength

The wavenumber is the distance over which a cycle repeats, that is, it is the number of waves in a unit distance.

$\bar \nu = \dfrac{1}{\lambda}$

Thus, if λ = 3 µm,

$\bar \nu = \dfrac{1}{3 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}}= 3.3 \times 10^{5}\text{ m}^{-1} = \textbf{3300 cm}^{-1}$

(a) Wavenumber and frequency

Since

λ = c/f and 1/λ = f/c

the relation between wavenumber and frequency is

$\bar \nu = \mathbf{\dfrac{f}{c}}$

Thus, if f = 90 THz

$\bar \nu = \dfrac{90 \times 10^{12} \text{ s}^{-1}}{3 \times 10^{8} \text{ m$\cdot$ s}^{-1}}= 3 \times 10^{5} \text{ m}^{-1} = \textbf{3000 cm}^{-1}$

(c) Units

(i) Frequency

The units are s⁻¹ or Hz.

(ii) Wavelength

The SI base unit is metres, but infrared wavelengths are usually measured in micrometres (roughly 2.5 µm to 20 µm).

(iii) Wavenumber

The SI base unit is m⁻¹, but infrared wavenumbers are usually measured in cm⁻¹ (roughly 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹).

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3 years ago