1) The answer is: Energy must have been absorbed from the surrounding environment.
There are two types of reaction:
1) Endothermic reaction (ΔH > 0, chemical reaction that absorbs more energy than it releases). In endothermic reactions heat is reactant.
Because products have higher energy, this example is endothermic reaction.
2) Exothermic reaction (chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs).
2) The answer is: A reversible reaction contains a forward reaction, which occurs when reactants form products, and a reverse reaction, which occurs when products form reactants.
For example, balanced reversible chemical reaction: N₂ + 3H₂ ⇄ 2NH₃.
Nitrogen and hydrogen are reactants and ammonia is product of reaction. Reaction goes in both direction. Ammonia is synthesized from nitrogen and hydrogen and ammonia decomposes on nitrogen and hydrogen.
The amount of substance of reactants and products of reaction do not change when chemical reaction is in chemical equilibrium.
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which not change with time. Speed of direct and irreversible chemical reaction are equal
3) The answer is: The reaction rate of the forward reaction would increase in order to decrease the number of particles.
According to Le Chatelier's Principle the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change.
The equilibrium shift to the right, so more product (ammonia) will be produced.
There are less molecules of ammonia than molecules of hydrogen and nitrogen. For every two molecules of ammonia, there are four molecules of hydrogen and nitrogen.
4) The answer is: The increase in energy will cause the reactants' particles to move faster, which will increase their temperature and lead to a faster reaction rate.
The reaction rate is the speed at which reactants are converted into products.
The collision theory states that a certain fraction of the collisions (successful collisions) cause significant chemical change.
The successful collisions must have enough energy (activation energy).
Chemical bonds are broken and new bonds are formed.
Particles are in constant, random motion and possess kinetic energy, molecules faster and have more collisions.
5) The answer is: When a reaction is at chemical equilibrium, a change in the system will cause the system to shift in the direction that will balance the change and help the reaction regain chemical equilibrium.
For example, chemical reaction: heat + NH₄⁺ + OH⁻ ⇄ NH₃ + H₂O.
According to Le Chatelier's Principle, the position of equilibrium moves to counteract the change, because heat is increased, system consume that heat, so equilibrium is shifted to right, by decreasing concentration of reactants and increasing concentration of product.
