Can someone help me to answer the questions 8 and 9

Are the bonds in each of the following substances ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent? (a)KCl (b)P4 (c)BF3 (d)SO2 (e)Br2

larisa [96]

Answer:

(a) Ionic

(b) Nonpolar covalent

(c) Polar covalent

(d) Polar covalent

(e) Nonpolar covalent

(f) Polar covalent

For those substances with polar covalent bonds, which has the least polar bond? NO₂

For those substances with polar covalent bonds, which has the most polar bond? BF₃

Explanation:

Are the bonds in each of the following substances ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent?

The nature of a bond depends on the modulus of the difference of electronegativity (|ΔEN|) between the atoms that form it.

If |ΔEN| = 0, the bond is nonpolar covalent.
If 0 < |ΔEN| ≤ 2, the bond is polar covalent.
If |ΔEN| > 2, the bond is ionic.

(a) KCl |ΔEN| = |EN(K) - EN(Cl)| = |0.8 - 3.0| = 2.2. The bond is ionic.

(b) P₄ |ΔEN| = |EN(P) - EN(P)| = |2.1 - 2.1| = 0.0. The bond is nonpolar covalent.

(c) BF₃ |ΔEN| = |EN(B) - EN(F)| = |2.0 - 4.0| = 2.0. The bond is polar covalent.

(d) SO₂ |ΔEN| = |EN(S) - EN(O)| = |2.5 - 3.5| = 1.0. The bond is polar covalent.

(e) Br₂ |ΔEN| = |EN(Br) - EN(Br)| = |2.8 - 2.8| = 0.0. The bond is nonpolar covalent.

(f) NO₂ |ΔEN| = |EN(N) - EN(O)| = |3.0 - 3.5| = 0.5. The bond is polar covalent.

7 0

4 years ago

When 16 g of methane (CH4) and 32 g of oxygen (O2) reacted to produce carbon dioxide and water, 11 g of carbon dioxide was produ

Aliun [14]

Answer:

Percent yield = 50%

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of CH₄ = 16 g

Mass of O₂ = 32 g

Mass of CO₂ = 11 g

Percent yield of CO₂ = ?

Solution:

Chemical equation:

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

Number of moles of CH₄:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 16 g /16 g/mol

Number of moles = 1 mol

Number of moles of O₂:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 32 g /32 g/mol

Number of moles = 1 mol

Now we will compare the moles of CO₂ with both reactant.

O₂ : CO₂

2 : 1

1 : 1/2×1= 0.5 mol

CH₄ : CO₂

1 : 1

Number of moles of CO₂ produced by oxygen are less so it will limiting reactant.

Theoretical yield:

Mass of CO₂:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 0.5 mol × 44 g/mol

Mass = 22 g

Percent yield:

Percent yield = actual yield / theoretical yield × 100

Percent yield = 11 g/ 22 g × 100

Percent yield = 50%

3 0

3 years ago

What is the value of the van't Hoff factor for KCl if a 1.00m aqueous solution shows a vapor pressure depression of 0.734 mmHg a

yaroslaw [1]

Answer: The Van't Hoff factor for KCl is 1.74

Explanation:

We are given:

Molality of solution = 1 m

This means that 1 mole of a solute is present in 1 kg of solvent (water) or 1000 grams of water

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

$\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}$

Given mass of water = 1000 g

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\text{Moles of water}=\frac{1000g}{18g/mol}=55.56mol$

Mole fraction of a substance is given by:

$\chi_A=\frac{n_A}{n_A+n_B}$

Moles of solute = 1 moles

Total moles = [1 + 55.56] = 56.56 moles

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\chi_{(solute)}=\frac{1}{56.56}=0.0177$

The equation used to calculate relative lowering of vapor pressure follows:

$\frac{p^o-p_s}{p^o}=i\times \chi_{solute}$

where,

$\frac{p^o-p_s}{p^o}$ = relative lowering in vapor pressure = 0.734 mmHg

i = Van't Hoff factor = ?

$\chi_{solute}$ = mole fraction of solute = 0.0177

$p^o$ = vapor pressure of pure water = 23.76 torr

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\frac{0.734}{23.76}=i\times 0.0177\\\\i=1.74$

Hence, the Van't Hoff factor for KCl is 1.74

7 0

3 years ago

Which part of the atom cannot have its location accurately determined and is modeled by a cloud around the center of the atom? A

Tju [1.3M]

Answer:

Electron

Explanation:

The answer would be the electron because it is constantly moving so its location cannot be accurately determined

3 0

3 years ago

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In ionic bond formation, the lattice energy of ions ________ as the magnitude of the ion charges _______ and the radii ________.

Alinara [238K]

If ion charges decreases then less attraction and energy decreases.

If radii increases then there is more distance , less attraction result of this energy increases

so energy increases as ion charges increases and radii decreases

8 0

4 years ago

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