The nucleus of an atom is dense and positively charged. What was observed when positively charged particles were radiated onto a
2 answers:
<u>Answer:</u> The correct answer is particles that struck the center of the atom were repelled.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Rutherford gave an experiment which is known as gold foil experiment.
In his experiment, he took a gold foil and bombarded it with the alpha particles (carrying positive charge). These alpha particles are also known as helium nucleus. It is represented as .
He thought that these particles will pass straight through the foil, but to his surprise, some of them deflected their path and a few of them bounced back.
From this he concluded that in an atom, a small positive charge in the center is present. Due to this positive charge, the alpha particles deflected their path and some of them bounced straight back from their path.
Hence, the correct answer is particles that struck the center of the atom were repelled.
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Answer:
Element:
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶7s²5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7p¹
Cations:
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶7s²5f¹⁴6d¹⁰
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶5f¹⁴6d¹⁰
Explanation:
The electron configuration is the distribution of the electrons in the sublevels in order of the crescent energy of them. The crescent energy of the sublevels follows the Linus Pauling's diagram, which is attached below. The sublevel "s" comports until 2 electrons, the sublevel "p" until 6 electrons, the sublevel "d" until 10 electrons, and sublevel "f" until 14 electrons.
So, for the element with an atomic number of 113, the neutral atom will have 113 electrons:
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶7s²5f¹⁴6d¹⁰7p¹
Thus the element is at the 7 period (the highest level), and group 13 (most energic sublevel p with 1 electron), the group of the aluminum. It needs to lose 3 electrons to be stable and follow the octet rule, but the subshells of the last shell are too far away in energetic order, thus, it most probably to lose the electron of 7p and form a monovalent cation, and can lose the two electrons of 7s to form a trivalent cation:
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶7s²5f¹⁴6d¹⁰
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p⁶5f¹⁴6d¹⁰
