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nirvana33 [79]
3 years ago
5

Define the difference between elastic and plastic deformation in terms of the effect on the crystal lattice structure.

Engineering
1 answer:
grin007 [14]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Elastic Deformation:

  • Elastic deformation is due to the elasticity of the body i.e., the deformation disappears on removal of external forces and the lattice regain its original structure.
  • This type of deformation is temporary  in nature.
  • This type of deformation depends mainly on the chemical bonding of the substance.
  • It occurs due to bending or stretching of chemical bond under applied stress where atoms do not slip pass over each other.
  • It is a reversible process.

Plastic Deformation:

  • Plastic deformation is due to the plasticity of the body i,e., the structure can be easily shaped or molded .
  • This type of deformation is permanent  in nature.
  • This type of deformation occurs mainly due to breakage of chemical bonds(limited in number) between constituent atoms.
  • Atoms may slip pass each other causing dislocation of atoms , resulting in permanent deformation even after stress is removed.
  • It is an irreversible process.
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Air at 38°C and 97% relative humidity is to be cooled to 14°C and fed into a plant area at a rate of 510m3/min. (a) Calculate th
Katarina [22]

To develop the problem it is necessary to apply the concepts related to the ideal gas law, mass flow rate and total enthalpy.

The gas ideal law is given as,

PV=mRT

Where,

P = Pressure

V = Volume

m = mass

R = Gas Constant

T = Temperature

Our data are given by

T_1 = 38\°C

T_2 = 14\°C

\eta = 97\%

\dot{v} = 510m^3/kg

Note that the pressure to 38°C is 0.06626 bar

PART A) Using the ideal gas equation to calculate the mass flow,

PV = mRT

\dot{m} = \frac{PV}{RT}

\dot{m} = \frac{0.6626*10^{5}*510}{287*311}

\dot{m} = 37.85kg/min

Therfore the mass flow rate at which water condenses, then

\eta = \frac{\dot{m_v}}{\dot{m}}

Re-arrange to find \dot{m_v}

\dot{m_v} = \eta*\dot{m}

\dot{m_v} = 0.97*37.85

\dot{m_v} = 36.72 kg/min

PART B) Enthalpy is given by definition as,

H= H_a +H_v

Where,

H_a= Enthalpy of dry air

H_v= Enthalpy of water vapor

Replacing with our values we have that

H=m*0.0291(38-25)+2500m_v

H = 37.85*0.0291(38-25)-2500*36.72

H = 91814.318kJ/min

In the conversion system 1 ton is equal to 210kJ / min

H = 91814.318kJ/min(\frac{1ton}{210kJ/min})

H = 437.2tons

The cooling requeriment in tons of cooling is 437.2.

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4 years ago
Read 2 more answers
(Laminar flow) A fluid flows through two horizontal pipes of equal length which are connected together to form a pipe of length
EastWind [94]

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

(Laminar flow) A fluid flows through two horizontal pipes of equal length which are connected together to form a pipe of length 2l. The flow is laminar and fully developed. The pressure drop for the first pipe is 1.657 times greater than it is for the second pipe. If the diameter of the first pipe is D, determine the diameter of the second pipe.

D₃ = _____D.

{ the tolerance is +/-3% }

Answer:

the diameter of the second pipe D₃ is 1.13D

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

Length = 2l

pressure drop in the first pipe is 1.657 times greater than it is for the second pipe.

Now, we know that for Laminar Flow;

V' = πD⁴ΔP / 128μL

where V'₁ = V'₂ and ΔP₁₋₂ = 1.657 ΔP₂₋₃

Hence,

V'₁ = πD⁴ΔP₁₋₂ / 128μL  = V'₃ = πD₃⁴ΔP₂₋₃ / 128μL

so

D₃ = D( ΔP₁₋₂ / ΔP₂₋₃ )^{\frac{1}{4}

we substitute

D₃ = D( 1.657 )^{\frac{1}{4}

D₃ = D( 1.134568 )

D₃ = 1.13D

Therefore, the diameter of the second pipe D₃ is 1.13D

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An important fluid property is the kinematic viscosity which determines the viscous, or frictional, forces acting in a flow. The
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