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Ivahew [28]
3 years ago
7

I NEED HELP PLEASE, THANKS! :)

Physics
1 answer:
mrs_skeptik [129]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

1. Largest force: C;  smallest force: B; 2. ratio = 9:1

Explanation:

The formula for the force exerted between two charges is

F=K\dfrac{ q_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}}

where K is the Coulomb constant.

q₁ and q₂ are also identical and constant, so Kq₁q₂ is also constant.

For simplicity, let's combine Kq₁q₂ into a single constant, k.

Then, we can write  

F=\dfrac{k}{r^{2}}

1. Net force on each particle

Let's

  • Call the distance between adjacent charges d.
  • Remember that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.

Define forces exerted to the right as positive and those to the left as negative.

(a) Force on A

\begin{array}{rcl}F_{A} & = & F_{B} + F_{C} + F_{D}\\& = & -\dfrac{k}{d^{2}}  - \dfrac{k}{(2d)^{2}}  +\dfrac{k}{(3d)^{2}}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left(-1 - \dfrac{1}{4} + \dfrac{1}{9} \right)\\\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left(\dfrac{-36 - 9 + 4}{36} \right)\\\\& = & \mathbf{-\dfrac{41}{36} \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}}\\\\\end{array}

(b) Force on B

\begin{array}{rcl}F_{B} & = & F_{A} + F_{C} + F_{D}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}  - \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}  + \dfrac{k}{(2d)^{2}}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left(\dfrac{1}{4} \right)\\\\& = &\mathbf{\dfrac{1}{4} \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}}\\\\\end{array}

(C) Force on C

\begin{array}{rcl}F_{C} & = & F_{A} + F_{B} + F_{D}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{(2d)^{2}} + \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}  + \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left( \dfrac{1}{4} +1 + 1 \right)\\\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left(\dfrac{1 + 4 + 4}{4} \right)\\\\& = & \mathbf{\dfrac{9}{4} \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}}\\\\\end{array}

(d) Force on D

\begin{array}{rcl}F_{D} & = & F_{A} + F_{B} + F_{C}\\& = & -\dfrac{k}{(3d)^{2}}  - \dfrac{k}{(2d)^{2}}  - \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left( -\dfrac{1}{9} - \dfrac{1}{4} -1 \right)\\\\& = & \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}\left(\dfrac{-4 - 9 -36}{36} \right)\\\\& = & \mathbf{-\dfrac{49}{36} \dfrac{k}{d^{2}}}\\\\\end{array}

(e) Relative net forces

In comparing net forces, we are interested in their magnitude, not their direction (sign), so we use their absolute values.

F_{A} : F_{B} : F_{C} : F_{D}  =  \dfrac{41}{36} : \dfrac{1}{4} : \dfrac{9}{4} : \dfrac{49}{36}\ = 41 : 9 : 81 : 49\\\\\text{C experiences the largest net force.}\\\text{B experiences the smallest net force.}\\

2. Ratio of largest force to smallest

\dfrac{ F_{C}}{ F_{B}} = \dfrac{81}{9} = \mathbf{9:1}\\\\\text{The ratio of the largest force to the smallest is $\large \boxed{\mathbf{9:1}}$}

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