In Microsoft Excel, absolute references are the cell references that you want to keep constant when dragging rows and columns to copy formulae. For example, cell J4 has a value that is essential to every cell in column K. If you drag it along column K, the reference would move from J4 to J5, then J6 and so on and so forth. To keep this from happening, you insert a dollar sign, such as J$4. Then, no matter where you apply the formula, it cell reference would remain constant at J4.
