Answer:
a) ammonium ion
b) amide ion
Explanation:
The order of decreasing bond angles of the three nitrogen species; ammonium ion, ammonia and amide ion is NH4+ >NH3> NH2-. Next we need to rationalize this order of decreasing bond angles from the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory perspective.
First we must realize that all three nitrogen species contain a central sp3 hybridized carbon atom. This means that a tetrahedral geometry is ideally expected. Recall that the presence of lone pairs distorts molecular structures from the expected geometry based on VSEPR theory.
The amide ion contains two lone pairs of electrons. Remember that the presence of lone pairs causes greater repulsion than bond pairs on the outermost shell of the central atom. Hence, the amide ion has the least H-N-H bond angle of about 105°.
The ammonia molecule contains one lone pair, the repulsion caused by one lone pair is definitely bless than that caused by two lone pairs of electrons hence the bond angle of the H-N-H bond in ammonia is 107°.
The ammonium ion contains four bond pairs and no lone pair of electrons on the outermost nitrogen atom. Hence we expect a perfect tetrahedron with bond angle of 109°.
Answer:The boiling point of the solution is 108° C.
Explanation:
Boiling point of pure water=T=
Boiling point of water after addition of 500 g of ethylene glycol=
Mass of water = 500g = 0.5 kg (1000 g = 1 kg)
The boiling point of the solution is 108° C.
Answer:
C: liquid
Explanation:
Liquid has the set volume as it cannot be compressed or 'expanded' like a gas. However, liquids will take the shape of the container you put them in so their shape can change.
This process is called evaporation as I believe
The mass number goes on top, and the atomic number goes on bottom.
Therefore, the answer is C:
40
K
19
