The correct answer is Sulfur (S).
Sulfur has 6 valence electrons because it is located in Group 16 (or the sixth group over if you don’t count the transition metals). This means that one atom of sulfur has 6 electrons in its outermost shell out of 8 total “spots”, which you can count by counting the group numbers (excluding the transition metals) from Group 1 (with one valence electron) to Group 18 (the noble gases with full valence or outer shells).
By this same logic, Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons and Cesium (Cs) has 1 valence electron, so neither of these is the correct answer.
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D. An alkali metal
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<span> A </span>catalyst<span> will </span>appear<span> in the steps of a </span>reaction<span> mechanism, but it will not </span>appear<span> in the overall </span><span>chemical reaction</span>