Compression and rarefaction. However instead of crests and troughs, longitudinal waves have compressions and rarefactions. A compression is a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together. A rarefaction is a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are furthest apart.
Answer:
the change is evaporation
Explanation:
the water heats up at the surface of the water and evaporates
pH of the solution is calculated using the following formula:
![pH=-log{[H^{+}]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3D-log%7B%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%7D)
Here,
is concentration of hydrogen ion.
Initial value of pH is 6.7, calculate concentration of hydrogen ion from this as follows:
![[H^{+}]=10^{-pH}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%3D10%5E%7B-pH%7D)
Putting the value,
![[H^{+}]=10^{-6.7}=1.9952\times 10^{-7}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%3D10%5E%7B-6.7%7D%3D1.9952%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-7%7D)
Thus, initial concentration of hydrogen ion is
.
Now, final pH value is 8.7, calculate concentration of hydrogen ion as follows:
![[H^{+}]=10^{-8.7}=1.9952\times 10^{-9}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%3D10%5E%7B-8.7%7D%3D1.9952%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-9%7D)
Thus, final concentration of hydrogen ion is
.
The ratio of final to initial value will be:

Thus, if pH increases from 6.7 to 8.7, concentration of hydrogen ion becomes
of the initial value.
It will take
7.5 s for the car to stop.
One of the acceleration formulas is

+at, where

is the final velocity,

is the initial velocity,
a is the acceleration, and
t is the time.
0 = 30.0 m·s⁻¹ + (-4.0 m·s⁻²)t
4.0 s⁻¹ t = 30.0
t =

= 7.5 s
% yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield x 100%
4.8946 / 0.4 = 12.2365
% yield = 12.2365 x 100 = 1223.65%