(a) The net flux through the coil is zero.
In fact, the magnetic field generated by the wire forms concentric circles around the wire. The wire is placed along the diameter of the coil, so we can imagine as it divides the coil into two emisphere. Therefore, the magnetic field of the wire is perpendicular to the plane of the coil, but the direction of the field is opposite in the two emispheres. Since the two emispheres have same area, then the magnetic fluxes in the two emispheres are equal but opposite in sign, and so they cancel out when summing them together to find the net flux.
(b) If the wire passes through the center of the coil but it is perpendicular to the plane of the wire, the net flux through the coil is still zero.
In fact, the magnetic field generated by the wire forms concentric lines around the wire, so it is parallel to the plane of the coil. But the flux is equal to

where

is the angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the perpendicular to the plane of the coil, so in this case

and so the cosine is zero, therefore the net flux is zero.
To solve the problem it is necessary to apply the Malus Law. Malus's law indicates that the intensity of a linearly polarized beam of light, which passes through a perfect analyzer with a vertical optical axis is equivalent to:

Where,
indicates the intensity of the light before passing through the polarizer,
I is the resulting intensity, and
indicates the angle between the axis of the analyzer and the polarization axis of the incident light.
Since we have two objects the law would be,

Replacing the values,



Therefore the intesity of the light after it has passes through both polarizers is 
The gravitational field is the Force divided by the mass
Call g the gravitational fiel, F the force exerted by the earth and m the mass of the telescope.
g = F / m
g=9.1x10^4 N / 1.1 x 10^4 kg = 8.27 N/kg
Note that the unit N/kg is equivalent to m/s^2
Answer
A thin atmosphere does not supply much oxygen, and the heat from the sun would evaporate it, because mercury is close to the sun.
In Electromagnetic spectrum, X-rays has very high frequency but gamma-rays has more than that. If you consider cosmic rays as an electromagnetic wave, then it would be highest energetic and has highest frequency.
In short, Your Answer is "Cosmic rays"
Hope this helps!