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Answer: Protons
The atom in a sample of an element must contain nuclei with the same number of protons. If the protons change in number, then the element will modify as well.
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Noble gases are supposed to be the least reactive elements so I’m assuming Neon would be the most least reactive out of all of them.
Answer:
a. Phosphoric Acid
b. Acetic Acid
c. Hypochlorous Acid
Explanation:
A buffer works when the pH of this one is in pKa ± 1. That means, to find which buffer system works in some pH you need to find pKa:
pKa = -log Ka
<em>pKa Acetic acid:</em>
-log1.8x10⁻⁵ = 4.74
<em>pKa phosphoric acid:</em>
-log7.5x10⁻³ = 2.12
<em>pKa hypochlorous acid:</em>
-log3.5x10⁻⁸ = 7.46
a. For a pH of 2.8 the best choice is phophoric acid because its effective range is: 1.12 - 3.12 and 2.8 is between these values.
b. pH 4.5. Acetic acid. effective between pH's 3.74 - 5.74
c. pH 7.5. Hypochlorous acid that works between 6.46 and 8.46
Answer:
The nuclear charge increases from boron to carbon, but there is no additional shielding( that is no additional shells).
Explanation:
First of all, we must know the electron configuration of carbon and boron.
Boron- 1s2 2s2 2p1
Carbon- 1s2 2s2 2p2
Moving from boron to carbon, the effective nuclear charge increases without a corresponding increase in the number of shells. Remember that shielding increases with increase in the number of intervening shells between the outermost electron and the nucleus. Since there isn't an increase in shells, boron experience a lower screening effect.
From
Zeff= Z- S
The Z for carbon is 6 while for boron is 5 even though both have the same number of screening electron S(4 screening electrons). Hence it is expected the Zeff(effective nuclear charge) for boron will be less than that of carbon.
