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tangare [24]
3 years ago
5

Explain the concept of electron density

Chemistry
1 answer:
Doss [256]3 years ago
5 0
Electron density is the measure of theprobability of an electron being present at a specific location.

In molecules, regions of electron density are usually found around the atom, and its bonds. In de-localized orconjugated systems, such as phenol,benzene and compounds such as hemoglobin and chlorophyll, the electron density covers an entire region, i.e., in benzene they are found above and below the planar ring. This is sometimes shown diagrammatically as a series of alternating single and double bonds. In the case of phenol and benzene, a circle inside a hexagon shows the de-localized nature of the compound.

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When an unknown amine reacts with an unknown acid chloride, an amide with a molecular mass of 163 g/mol (M = 163 m/z) is formed.
DanielleElmas [232]

Answer:

            As the molecular mass of given amine is 163 g/mol (a odd number) it means that this compound contains a odd number of Nitrogen atoms. We will first apply Rule of Thirteen to get the molecular formula.

Rule of Thirteen:

First divide the parent peak value by 13 as,

                = 163 ÷ 13

                = 12.53

Now, multiply 13 by 12,

                = 13 × 12 (here, 12 specifies number of carbon atoms)

                = 156

Now subtract 156 from 163,

                = 163 - 156

                = 7

Add 7 into 12,

                = 7 + 12

                = 19 (hydrogen atoms)

So, the rough formula we have is,

                                                       C₁₂H₁₉

Now, add one Nitrogen atom to above formula and subtract one Carbon and 2 Hydrogen atoms as these numbers are equal to atomic mass of Nitrogen atom as,

                C₁₂H₁₉   -------N-------->    C₁₁H₁₇N

Also, as shown in ¹³C-NMR there is one peak around 180 ppm and the peak at 1661 cm⁻¹ in IR spectrum is characteristic to carbonyl group hence, we will add one oxygen atom to the chemical formula accordingly. i.e.

                C₁₁H₁₇N   -------O-------->    C₁₀H₁₃NO

Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₃NO

Also,

In NMR the the four peaks around 120 ppm are assigned to a mono substituted benzene ring.

The absence of IR peak above 3200 cm⁻³ also confirms that the amine is tertiary in nature and there is no hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom.

It can be observed that the peaks in upfield are duplicating. This can be due to the presence of rotamers of said compound.

The most plausible structure for given data is shown below, and the resonance structure along with rotamers are also shown.

6 0
3 years ago
A fine of 50.0 mL of 0.0900 M CaCl2 reacts with excess sodium carbonate to give 0.366 g of calcium carbonate precipitate. What i
In-s [12.5K]

Answer:

81.26% is the percent yield

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃ → 2NaCl + CaCO₃

<em>Where 1 mole of CaCl₂ in excess of sodium carbonate produces 1 mole of calcium carbonate.</em>

<em />

To solve this question we must find the moles of CaCl2 added = Moles CaCO₃ produced (Theoretical yield). The percent yield is:

Actual yield (0.366g) / Theoretical yield * 100

<em>Moles CaCl₂ = Moles CaCO₃:</em>

0.0500L * (0.0900moles / L) = 0.00450 moles of CaCO₃

<em>Theoretical mass -Molar mass CaCO₃ = 100.09g/mol-:</em>

0.00450 moles of CaCO₃ * (100.09g / mol) = 0.450g of CaCO₃

Percent yield = 0.366g / 0.450g * 100

81.26% is the percent yield

3 0
2 years ago
What do these observations tell you about the rate and direction of heat flow through each specific type of plastic?
Murljashka [212]

Answer:

Heat is something you can't control

Explanation:

Plastic is something you could control like moving it around

3 0
2 years ago
A _______ takes pictures and tracks the movements of clouds and air masses.
galina1969 [7]
A Weather Satellite. 
Hope this helps.

5 0
2 years ago
I need please fast ASAP
sdas [7]
Kindly checkout the attached pic. It contains all your required questions. 

4 0
3 years ago
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