Question

Part of 19th century chemist John Dalton's Atomic Theory was that different elements differ in their physical and chemical properties. Which substance in an atom determines its chemical properties and allows elements to form chemical bonds?

Answer 1

The electrons, here is a brief explanation of how it works:

An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle. It can be either free (not attached to any atom), or bound to the nucleus of an atom. Electrons in atoms exist in spherical shells of various radii, representing energy levels. The larger the spherical shell, the higher the energy contained in the electron.

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