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3 years ago

1. A solution is a mixture. The part of the solution in the greater amount is called the

Chemistry

1 answer:

olga_2 [115]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

Solvent

Explanation:

Many people use the solute to describe the solid being dissolved and the solvent to describe the thing doing the dissolving, but really solvent means the part of the solution with a greater amount/concentration.

For example, if you have 1 gram of salt in 10 liters of water, the water is the solvent.

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Cells get energy from food to sustain the life of the organism.

Sati [7]

The answer is B hope this helped

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3 years ago

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In the titration of HCl with NaOH, the equivalence point is determined

kondaur [170]

Answer:

In the titration of HCl with NaOH, the equivalence point is determined from the point where the phenolphthalein turns pink and then remains pink on swirling.

Explanation:

The equivalence point is the point at which exactly enough titrant (NaOH) has been added to react with all of the analyte (HCl). Up to the equivalence point, the solution will be acidic because excess HCl remains in the flask.

Phenolphtalein is chosen because it changes color in a pH range between 8.3 – 10. Phenolphthalein is naturally colorless but turns pink in alkaline solutions. It remains colorless throughout the range of acidic pH levels, but it begins to turn pink at a pH level of 8.3 and continues to a bright purple in stronger alkalines.

It will appear pink in basic solutions and clear in acidic solutions.

The more NaOH added, the more pink it will be. (Until pH≈ 10)

In strongly basic solutions, phenolphthalein is converted to its In(OH)3− form, and its pink color undergoes a rather slow fading reaction and becomes completely colorless above 13.0 pH

a. from the point where the pink phenolphthalein turns colorless and then remains colorless on swirling.

⇒ the more colorless it turns, the more acid the solution. (More HCl than NaOH)

b. from the point where the phenolphthalein turns pink and then remains pink on swirling.

The equivalence point is the point where phenolphtalein turns pink and remains pink ( Between ph 8.3 and 10). (

Although, when there is hydrogen ions are in excess, the solution remains colorless. This begins slowely after ph= 10 and can be noticed around ph = 12-13

c. from the point where the pink phenolphthalein first turns colorless and then the pink reappears on swirling.

Phenolphthalein is colorless in acid solutions (HCl), and will only turn pink when adding a base like NaOH

d. from the point where the colorless phenolphthalein first turns pink and then disappears on swirling

Phenolphthalein is colorless in acid or neutral solutions. Once adding NaOH, the solution will turn pink. The point where the solution turns pink, and stays pink after swirling is called the equivalence point. When the pink color disappears on swirling, it means it's close to the equivalence point but not yet.

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3 years ago

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Naya [18.7K]

Answer:

x = 231/90 Th

Explanation:

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3 years ago

In each reaction box place the best reagent and conditions from the list below benzene 3 boxes

den301095 [7]

Answer : The correct answer is 1) AlCl₃ - CH₃Cl 2) HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at room temperature 3) Fuming HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ at 90-100 ⁰ C heat .

I think this reaction is forming 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene from benzene, since the product is not mentioned. Following are the steps to convert Benzene to 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene .

Step 1: Conversion of Benzene to Toluene .

Benzene can be converted to toluene by Friedel Craft Alkylation of benzene . In this reaction reagent AlCl₃ and Ch3Cl is used . Electrophile CH³⁺ is produced which attached on carbon of benzene and formation of Toluene and HCl occur.

$Benzene \frac{AlCl3}{Ch3Cl}> Toulene + HCl$

Step 2 : Conversion of Toluene to dinitrotoluene.

Dinitritoluene is prepared from toluene by Nitration . This reaction uses Electrophilic substitution mechanism . The reagents used are HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ at room temperature . These reagents produces NO₂⁺ ( nitronium ion ), a electrophile which attacks on C2 and C4 Carbon atoms of Toluene.

Toluene $Tolune \frac{HNO3 -H2SO4}{30-40 degree C} -> 2,4- dinitrotoluene$

Step 3) Conversion of Dinitro toluene to trinitrotoluene.

This reaction is extended nitration of toluene . Further nitration is done in extreme condition . The temperature of reaction is increased to 90- 100 ⁰ C . Due to which there is more production of NO²⁺ ion occurs from HNO₃ -H₂SO₄ and they attack on C6 carbon atom of dinitrotoluene which forms 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene.

Dinitrotoluene $2,4 -dinitrotoluene \frac{fuming HNO3-H2So4}{90-100 C} -> 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene.$

So over all reaction uses three reagents in order :

$Benzene \frac{AlCl3}{CH3Cl} -> Toluene \frac{HNO3-H2So4}{room temp} -> 2,4-dinitrotoluene \frac{Fuming HNO3 -H2SO4}{Heating at 90-100 C} -> 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene .$

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