(a) 
The radiation pressure exerted by an electromagnetic wave on a surface that totally absorbs the radiation is given by

where
I is the intensity of the wave
c is the speed of light
In this problem,

and substituting
, we find the radiation pressure

(b) 
Since we know the cross-sectional area of the laser beam:

starting from the radiation pressure found at point (a), we can calculate the force exerted on a tritium atom:

And then, since we know the mass of the atom

we can find the acceleration, by using Newton's second law:

The distance from observer A of intensity of sound 59 db is 28.64 m and the distance from observer B of intensity of sound 83 db is 11.36m
Explanation:
Let's solve this problem in parts
let's start by finding the intensity of the sound in each observer
observer A β = 59 db
β = 
where I₀ =
W / m²

=
W / m²
Similarly for Observer b 
now we use that the emitted power that is constant is the intensity over the area of the sphere where the sound is distributed
P = I A
therefore for the two observers
the area of a sphere is

we substitute the above formula, we get
Let us call the distance from the observer A be to stereo speaker = x, so the distance from the observer B to the stereo speaker = 40- x; we substitute

after solving the above equation we get x = 28.64 m
This is the distance of observer A
similarly The distance from observer B is 35 - x
= 40 - 28.64
= 11.36m
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This would prove that gold is an <em>element</em>. No matter how far down you
examine it, you never find any particles of anything except gold.
An example of a different case is salt.
-- Imagine you had a block of salt and decided to cut it in half.
-- If you repeated this process, then eventually, at some point, you'd have
a tiny particle of salt in front of you, just like before. BUT ...
-- Just as you were getting ready to cut this one in half, you'd notice that this
particle of salt is different. It's one atom of sodium stuck to one atom of chlorine,
and if you cut it in half, you would not have ANY salt. <span />
This would prove that salt is a <em><u>compound</u></em>, made of atoms of two or more elements.
The applicable equation:
P = F/A
P = pressure
F = Force or weight
A = surface area
Pressure on each cylinder = (W/n)/A
Where n = number of cylinders. Additionally, pressure in the reservoir is equivalent to the pressure in each cylinder.
Net pressure = 75 - 14.7 = 60.3 psi
Therefore,
60.3 = (W/n)/A = (450/n)/(πD^2/4) = (450/n)/(π*1.5^2/4) = (450/n)/(1.7671)
60.3*1.7671 = 450/n
106.03 = 450/n
n = 450/106.3 = 4.244 ≈ 5
The number of cylinders is 5.