Alfred Russell Wallace was an English naturalist born in January 1823. He independently proposed theory of evolution by natural selection. His scientific ideas encouraged Charles Darwin to work together with him and they both published their scientific ideas in 1858.
Wallace thought that an inferior variety can coexist with another superior variety in the environment, until deteriotion forced the inferior variety to be extinct from the environment and this is totally different from Darwin's view which said that individual with heritable trait are better suited in their environment.
Abiotic factors will Define which organisms are able or not to live in a specified place. The living organisms will constitute the biotic factors, which Define if and how can an organism live in a specified environment. So, the abiotic factors are controlling the biotic factors of an environment.
A constant is something that is kept the same throughout the course of a experiment. So I would guess C) because they are not doing anything special. If it’s not C then it is A. :)
