Answer:
A -Added when in the same direction
Subtracted when in opposite directions.
Explanation:
Answer:
A
B

C

D

Explanation:
Considering the first question
From the question we are told that
The spring constant is 
The potential energy is 
Generally the potential energy stored in spring is mathematically represented as 
=>
=>
=>
Considering the second question
From the question we are told that
The mass of the dart is m = 0.050 kg
Generally from the law of energy conservation

=> 
=> 
Considering the third question
The height at which the dart was fired horizontally is 
Generally from the law of energy conservation

Here KE is kinetic energy of the dart which is mathematical represented as

=> 
=> 
=> 
Considering the fourth question
Generally the total time of flight of the dart is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
Generally the horizontal distance from the equilibrium position to the ground is mathematically represented as

=> 
=> 
First, we convert kcal to joules:
1 kcal = 4.184 kJ
475 kcal = 1987.4 kJ
Now, calculating the change in internal energy:
ΔU = Q + W; where Q is the heat supplied to the system and W is the work done on the system.
ΔU = -500 + 1987.4
ΔU = 1487.4 kJ