Majority of the atoms mass is found in the nucleus, which consists of protons and neutrons. Neutrons have a neutral charge, while protons have a positive charge.
Magnesium (Mg) has atomic number 12 with electronic configuration :

The valence shell of Mg is 3s which has 2 electrons as shown in above electronic configuration.
Therefore, A = 3 and B =2
Answer :
(a) displacement reaction
(b) combination reaction
(c) disproportionation reaction
(d) displacement reaction
Explanation :
(a) The given balanced chemical reaction is,

This reaction is a single replacement reaction or displacement in which the the more reactive element (Fe) replace the less reactive element (H).
(b) The given balanced chemical reaction is,

This reaction is a combination reaction in which the two reactants molecule combine to form a large molecule or single product.
(c) The given balanced chemical reaction is,

This reaction is a disproportionation reaction in which the chemical species gets oxidized and reduced simultaneously. It is also considered as a redox reaction.
(d) The given balanced chemical reaction is,

This reaction is a single replacement reaction or displacement in which the the more reactive element (Ag) replace the less reactive element (Pt).
C. A container of mixed gases is 20.9 C I hope this helps
Option A) Decreased temperature keeps gases like carbon dioxide dissolved.
Carbonation is made with CO2 which is also know as liquid carbonic. The low temperature favors higher solubility of CO2 in water