Answer:
magnesium= +2
aluminum= +3
phosphorous= -3
lithium= +1
fluorine= -1
Explanation:
As fluorine having seven valance electrons in its outer most shell with atomic number nine. And for completing its outer most shell it needs one more electron that is why it form ion of -1 value.
Now Aluminum has three electrons in its outer most shell with atomic number 13. So it need to lose these three electrons in order to be in stable state that is why it have ion in +3 state.
Same rule apply for other elements too.
Answer: 1) p⁺ = 22; number of protons.
e⁻ = 19 - 1 = 18; number of electrons.
Net charge is +4, because atom has 4 protons more than electrons.
Proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge.
2) p⁺ = 22; number of protons.
e⁻ = 19 + 3 = 22; number of electrons.
Net charge is 0 (neutral charge), because atom has same number of protons and electrons.
Hope this helps :)
