Intermolecular forces in solids are strongest than in liquids and gases. Gases have the least strong intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces are weak and are significant over short distances between molecules (determined by Coulomb’s law). The farther away from the molecules the weaker the intermolecular forces. Since molecules in solids are the closest, the intermolecular force between them as the strongest. Conversely, since gas molecules are farthest apart, the intermolecular forces between them are the weakest.
Answer:NaF is ionic. NF3 is covalent. SiF4 is ionic. CaF2 is Ionic and NH4F is also ionic. Ionic compounds transfer electrons whereas covalent compounds share electrons hence the word "co". Also, ionic compounds are formed with metal and nonmetal. Where a covalent is with 2 nonmetals. Only ionic compounds would produce fluoride in water because ionic compounds can dissolve in water and covalent compounds cant.
Answer:
When a sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom, forming a sodium cation (Na+) and a chloride anion (Cl-), both ions have complete valence shells, and are energetically more stable. The reaction is extremely exothermic, producing a bright yellow light and a great deal of heat energy.
Because water is polar and oil is nonpolar, their molecules are not
attracted to each other. The molecules of a polar solvent like water are
attracted to other polar molecules, such as those of sugar. This explains
why sugar has such a high solubility in water. Ionic compounds, such
as sodium chloride, are also highly soluble in water. Because water
molecules are polar, they interact with the sodium and chloride ions.
In general, polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents
dissolve nonpolar solutes. This concept is often expressed as “Like
dissolves like.”
So many substances dissolve in water that it is sometimes called
the universal solvent. Water is considered to be essential for life
because it can carry just about anything the body needs to take in
or needs to get rid of.
1) Solids have a fixed shape
The particles of solids are held into their positions and are only able to vibrate about fixed points. The strength of the bonding means that the particles have their own shape, which they retain, and do not take the form of the container they are in.
2) Solids may not flow
The molecules of liquids are able to slide past one another due to weaker bonds between particles. This allows the liquid to flow; whereas, this movement is not possible in solids so they cannot flow.
3) Solids may fracture
The fact that solids possess a rigid structure means that they have the ability to fracture. Although some are able to withstand more stress than others, all solids may break. This breakage occurs when the intermolecular bonds are mechanically broken. This is not possible in the case of liquids because such rigid intermolecular bonds do not exist.
