The volume of the small pool is the product of the cube of the scale factor and the volume of the large pool. 25.92 m cubed. Hope this helps.
Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
What is unmeasured cofounding?
- By definition, an unmeasured confounder is a variable that is connected to both the exposed and the result and could explain the apparent observed link.
- The validity of interpretation in observational studies is threatened by unmeasured confounding. The use of negative control group to reduce unmeasured confounding has grown in acceptance and popularity in recent years.
Although they've been utilised mostly for bias detection, negative controls have a long history in laboratory sciences and epidemiology of ruling out non-causal causes. A pair of negative control exposure and outcome variables can be utilised to non-parametrically determine the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational data that is vulnerable to uncontrolled confounding, according to a recent study by Miao and colleagues.
Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
Learn more about unmeasured confounding here:
brainly.com/question/10863424
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Answer:
2.69 maybe not so sure ..
Answer: C
Step-by-step explanation:
Rejecting the null hypothesis means we've found a significant difference in the means. That means the probability that we'd see means so far apart by chance is less than our threshold of significance.
Answer:
On the left, it would be + 1 for each blank, and on the right it would also be +1 for each blank.
Step-by-step explanation:
They are asking for the intervals between each number.
Hope this helps!
