2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is being synthesized in following sequence:
Step 1: Chlorination of Benzene:
This is Halogenation reaction of benzene. In this step benzene is reacted with Chlorine gas in the presence of lewis acid (i.e. FeCl₃). This results in the formation of Chlorobenzene as shown in red step below.
Step 2: Nitration of Chlorobenzene:
The chlorine atom on benzene has a ortho para directing effect. Therefore, the nitration of chlorobenzene will yield para nitro chlorobenzene as shown in blue step below.
Step 3: Bromination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene:
In this step bromination is done by reacting bromine in the presence of lewis acid. The chlorine being ortho para directing in nature and nitro group being meta directing in nature will direct the incoming Br⁺ (electrophile) to the desired location. Hence, 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized in good yield.
Na is the symbol for sodium.
Answer:
1. Option c. bimolecular
2. Option b. termolecular
3. Option a. unimolecular
Explanation:
The set that represent a pair of isotope is 9B AND 11B.
Isotopes are chemical element which have two or more forms, these forms have the same number of electrons but different number of neutrons.
In an atom of an element, the nucleus contains the neutron and the proton. For a neutral atom, the number of proton and neutron are always the same, while the number of neutron differ. Thus, for the correct option, B stands for the element Boron, which has atomic number of 5. This means that 9B has 5 electrons, 5 protons and 4 neutrons. For 11B, the isotope has 5 protons, 5 electrons and 6 neutrons. 9 and 11 are the mass number of the isotopes; mass number is the summation of number of proton and neutron.
Answer:
Sodium hydrogen carbonate