Dr. Banks modifies her design and conducts a second study. She uses the same number of dogs and the same design, except now she
rewards one group of dogs with miniature hot dogs and another group with pieces of apple. She finds a big difference, with the hot-dogs group learning the command faster. Dr. Banks avoided a null result this time because her design:
Their brains are not working right. They don't think logically and they do stupid things. They can get brain damage, they can hut themselves and/or others.